Titlebook: Oligarchy in the Americas; Comparing Oligarchic Joe Foweraker Book 2021 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive li

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yet everywhere; and yet everywhere different. Attuning ourselves to the possibility of spectral analysis, forcing ourselves to confront the . and the . that nonetheless leaves a trace in passing and which has such a material effect — and what, after all, is ideology for example except the experience

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Book 2021e modes of rule in both Latin America and the United States. The book concludes with a description and comparison of the sequences and political characteristics of these modes of rule and discovers a recent and remarkable convergence of oligarchic rule in the Americas..

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Third Mode—Oligarchy Transformed, the Republic Reduceduntable to democratic government. In the financial crisis of 2008–2009, this oligarchy retained its profits while socializing its losses, and the exclusionary consequences effectively split the republic into ‘two nations’.

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Book 2021ule and democratic government. This focus sets the terms for a comparative inquiry that creates a novel perspective on the politics of Latin America and the United States alike. The continuity depends on the formation of a patrimonial State and a porous division between oligarchic interests and the

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Oligarchic Rule in the Americas, South to Norththe argument South to North and creating a novel perspective on the politics of the United States. These terms also serve to outline the parameters of a comparative politics of the Americas. The chapter also provides a brief synopsis of argument of the book, chapter by chapter.

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Oligarchic Rule and the Patrimonial Stateys limits to their compatibility. But in practice they can coexist and combine, though not always very comfortably. Indeed, the tensions between the two can be recurrently expressed in populist challenges to oligarchic restrictions on democratic choice that may rotate the rulers but rarely advance the democratic agenda.

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Modes of Oligarchic Rule in Latin Americaoligarchic competition and alliance. Nonetheless, the chapter seeks to outline the broad contours of oligarchic rule across Latin America as it moves from the oligarchic republics of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, to the partially democratic republics of the mid-twentieth century, and to the current neoliberal mode of rule.