Titlebook: Notes on Continuum Mechanics; Eduardo W. V. Chaves Textbook 2013 CIMNE 2013 constitutive equations.continuum mechanics.damage mechanics.fu

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Tensors,m a macroscopic perspective. The physical variables featuring in a problem are represented by tensor fields, in other words, physical phenomena can be shown mathematically by means of tensors whereas tensor fields indicate how tensor values vary in space and time. In these equations one main conditi

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Continuum Kinematics, this Chapter we will study the . also called ., thus establishing the equations of motion that allow us to characterize how the continuum evolves and how continuum properties, . displacement, velocity, acceleration, mass density, temperature, etc., change over time. To do this, we will consider the

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Stress,lance. Resistance to this movement depends on the characteristics of the atoms or molecules that make up the continuum. Internal resistance to movement is called ., and can be interpreted as the average of the interatomic forces of a handful of atoms, thereby characterizing internal force as a macro

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Introduction to Constitutive Equations,Figure 6.1 shows the stressstrain relationship for a mechanical problem which represents the constitutive equation for stress. In this case, constitutive equations should be understood as being bijective relationships between stress and strain. Physically speaking, constitutive equations represent d

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Plasticity,he load has been removed, the solid returns to its initial state. In certain types of materials, if we keep loading, a level will be reached in which the atoms begins to restructure (dislocation at the atomic level), so, in this way, we have internal energy dissipation (an irreversible process). Mos

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t has therefore been a long time in the making and, needless to say, I in­ curred many an intellectual debt during this period which I would like to acknowledge here. My thanks go first to Professor J. R. Wilson, who super­ vised my Masters thesis and who read part of this manuscript in draft, to th