Titlebook: Marine and Freshwater Toxins; P. Gopalakrishnakone,Vidal Haddad Jr.,William R. K Reference work 2016 Springer Science+Business Media Dordr

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Okadaic Acid and Other Diarrheic Toxins: Toxicological Profileritoneal ones, with the small intestine and liver as main target organs, while repeated oral OA exposure affects mainly the forestomach, lymphoid organs, pancreas, and, at ultrastructural level, myocardium. The increasing number of toxicological studies on OA, including cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, n

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Azaspiracid Toxins: Toxicological Profilef seafood..Even though animal studies have pointed out target organs (digestive tract, liver, heart, and lung), mechanism of action studies at cellular level are not yet conclusive. While a number of common targets have been excluded (protein phosphatases, kinases, actin depolymerization, G protein-

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Microcystins: Toxicological Profiley is congener specific (range of intraperitoneal LD. in mice: 50–1200 μg/kg body weight). Renal and neurotoxic effects have also been reported for some variants. Minimal structural changes among variants result in three- to fourfold differences in MC toxicokinetics: the active uptake and the biotran

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Effects of Cyanotoxins: Sea and Freshwater ToxinsMicrocystins are also tumor promoters, and there are several reports showing harmful effects of long-term exposure to microcystins in highly populated regions of China and other parts of the world. Cyanobacterial toxins must be considered as a serious threat, and high safety measures must be followe

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Pufferfish Poisoning and Tetrodotoxinh body through food organisms, and the molecular mechanisms involved is accumulating, while TTX-bearing organisms are assumed to utilize TTX effectively for their survival, although TTX is a fatal toxin to organisms that possess no TTX. The present chapter describes the distribution of TTX in metazo

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Jellyfish Venom and Toxins: A Reviewsh venoms until now are proteins, and many are intrinsically susceptible to and easily denatured by harsh environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, pH), resulting in the loss of their biological activities during the extraction and purification procedures. Therefore, the isolation and characteriz

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Reference work 2016ch they act very specifically on targets, receptors or on critical body proteins...Themarine and freshwater environments are the new frontiers of humanity, but the increase of economic and tourist activities provoke nasty encounters between aquatic animals and humans. The main victims are swimmers,

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Sébastien Dutertre,John Griffin,Richard J. Lewists. The second section analyses the role and significance of authority, access, and dissemination in discussions of health, medicine, and illness, for both lay and medical readerships..978-3-030-08786-9978-3-319-73426-2Series ISSN 2634-6435 Series E-ISSN 2634-6443