Titlebook: Manual of Aesthetic Surgery 1; Werner L. Mang Book 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002 aesthetic medicine.aesthetic surgery.cosmet

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Exposition

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002

Postulate

Rhytidectomy (Cervicobuccal Plasty),facelifts consisted of only a minimal resection in which strips of skin were removed in front of the ears. Over the years, the dissection performed during facelifts has ventured into ever deeper anatomical layers. To date, procedures involving five different anatomical levels of dissection have been described:

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,Upper Eyelid Surgery — Blepharoplasty,Graefe in 1818. After this, a large number of surgeons began to develop new techniques for aesthetic lid surgery. Up to 1940, these procedures involved only the excision of skin. Most articles published after this date, however, mention the resectioning of fat around the eyes as an essential constituent of corrective lid surgery.

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,Lower Eyelid Surgery — Blepharoplasty,Lower lid blepharoplasty is one of the most difficult operations in the facial area.

Consensus

Otoplasty,Among the numerous anomalies which can occur in the head and neck region, protruding ears are certainly one of the most common. The two most frequent causes of this condition are a disproportionately shaped cavity of concha and an underdeveloped antihelical fold.

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