Titlebook: Lung Cancer Pathophysiology: An Interdisciplinary Approach; Nima Rezaei Book 2024 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under e

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Roles of Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, (NSCLC) comprises most cases of lung cancer. The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a critical role in NSCLC..Tumor mutational burden, immunogenic versus immunosuppressive tumors, and characteristics of premalignant lesions are tumor intrinsic factors defining the tumor and microenvironment

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Natural Killer Cells in Lung Cancer,nces in lung cancer treatment, the prognosis remains poor. Pathogens and other environmental vitriols are surrounded by a dense population of innate immune cells. Among these, natural killer (NK) cells are attaining favor. Natural killer (NK) cells can provide the first line of protection by bridgin

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MicroRNAs in the Immunopathology and Treatment of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, techniques, NSCLC still has an extremely poor prognosis as the result of resistance of cancer cells to conventional therapy. Finding of new simple and minimally invasive diagnostic methods of NSCLC is an actual aim for practical medicine. Development and designing of new effective anticancer therap

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Monitoring Exosomal Non-coding RNA in Lung Cancers,be important in the early diagnosis of lung cancer and monitoring the course of treatment. Accumulative evidence suggests that the ncRNA molecules, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), may have significant diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Both types of ncRNAs can be

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Mediastinal Staging of Lung Cancer,utic approach. Regarding preoperative imaging, computed tomography and fluorine-18-fludoglucose positron emission tomography are routinely recommended by various guidelines. However, sometimes both may not be able to detect lymph node metastatic pathology. Invasive methods are used for preoperative

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lse duration (PD) of Er:YAG laser is 250 μs (250–350 μs), this is the sum of subpulses similar to the macropulse of PDL (pulsed dye laser). The subpulse of Er:YAG laser is less than 1 μs. The beam profile of Er:YAG lasers is Gaussian mode, such as the CO. laser. However, unlike the CO. laser, by tur