Titlebook: Life Concepts from Aristotle to Darwin; On Vegetable Souls Lucas John Mix Book 2018 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under

Fibrin

Invisible Seeds: Life-Concepts in AugustineHellenistic philosophy, characterized by a dual creation, hylomorphic biology, and a subjective human soul with both intellect and will. Augustine supported the idea of animal souls and some equivalent organizing principle in plants. His interpretation of invisible seeds and kinds within the invisib

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Aristotle Returns: A Second Medieval Synthesisned the role of participation in cosmic life. Theologians reinterpreted Aristotle’s four causes, changing souls from dynamic processes into immaterial agents with biological faculties, the ability to cause life activities. Major players included the Islamic philosophers al-Kindî, al-Fârâbî, Ibn Sînâ

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The Same and Different: Early Theories of Evolutionature, turning an eternal movement into a process in history. Thus, early theories were progressive and only roughly mechanical. Locke and Comte blazed a trail with reforms in epistemology, Buffon, Lamarck, and Erasmus Darwin experimented with progressive concepts of evolution. Four key developments

Nonconformist

Vegetable Significance: Evolution by Natural Selectiont, formal, and final causes in biology, creating a new synthesis similar to Aristotle’s nutritive soul. Natural selection provides a causal nexus that links organization and purpose to a history of interactions between population and environment. This emphasizes vegetable proto-agency in place of an

BIDE

concept of vegetable souls as useful for modern biology.This book traces the history of life-concepts, with a focus on the vegetable souls of Aristotle, investigating how they were interpreted and eventually replaced by evolutionary biology. Philosophers have long struggled with the relationship be

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Book 2018ly replaced by evolutionary biology. Philosophers have long struggled with the relationship between physics, physiology, and psychology, asking questions of organization, purpose, and agency. For two millennia, the vegetable soul, nutrition, and reproduction were commonly used to understand basic li