Titlebook: Lenin: A Political Life; Volume 3: The Iron R Robert Service Book 1995 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited 1995

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Truculent

And Ours Shall Be the Victory,ased mainly on his decrees; and classical Athens is barely comprehensible if the archaeological evidence, as in monuments and inscriptions, is used to the exclusion of eyewitness reports. This caution needs to be applied with the same rigour to more recent times. The decrees of the Bolsheviks in the

Synthesize

The Tar in the Honey, they were exceptional. When a state collapses into internal war, cross-cutting tensions and enmities are typically released. The civil war in England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland in the mid-seventeenth century is an example. National, regional and confessional as well as social and economic divisio

esthetician

Less Politics!,eir objective. This is so familiar a notion from later communist and fascist history that the effort has to be made to consider how unusual it was at the time of the October Revolution and Civil War. Bolshevism invented it. Many earlier rulers had wanted and obtained autocratic power; but none had w

STANT

Expressly

Against the Wall,s can afford to alienate existing or potential members by too severe an insistence on compliance with centrally-imposed decisions. Even the single party in a one-party state can encounter difficulty in eliminating factionalism from its affairs; indeed, as in Kenya in the 1970s and Zimbabwe in the 19

obsession

Testament to a Revolution,o be displayed to society. This is especially necessary for a dictatorial élite. The risk of opposition increases if the general public perceives that the leaders are divided. Prominent Bolsheviks were not unusual in trying to hide away the altercations among themselves. By and large they had succee

caldron

Deaths and Entrances,had not taken the road to Damascus? Or what would have become of Christanity if Charles Martel had not defeated the previously invincible Moors at Poitiers? Would a Second World War have been prevented if Adolf Hitler had been assassinated? A question of the same order arises in connection with Leni

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