Titlebook: Learning from Informal Settlements in Iran; Models, Policies, Pr Mahyar Arefi Book 2018 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 201

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情感

Introduction,d Bank’s physical upgrading loan to Iran in the 2000s. Since “enabling” constitutes an important aspect of physical upgrading initiatives, Chapter . conceptualizes its people- and place-components. Chapter . discusses data collection and introduces the preliminary enablement clues from the five pilo

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笼子

The World Bank and Slum Upgrading,ading as a panacea for these settlements would be naïve indeed. The chapter concludes that bridging the top-down physical upgrading approach and the bottom-up participatory component as the complementary attributes of any enabling effort.

Delirium

Five Target Cities,est of the country. Aside from their ethnic, historic, climatic, or cultural denominations, a common denominator among these five cities is how they deal with their looming informal settlements’ problems.

树上结蜜糖

Enabling Informal Settlements,xt of these settlements deserve special attention. The chapter discusses the pros and cons of this argument by making observations from the Iranian experience. This discussion sets the tone for developing a conceptual framework for the empirical component of this research.

秘密会议

Research Design, Data Collection, and Preliminary Clues,al upgrading and enabling goals set up for each city, the performance standards used in their evaluation, the indexes that allowed analysts to measure outcomes for each set goal, and finally, the scales of intervention (local, regional or provincial, national or even global).

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