Titlebook: Latin American Blackberries Biology; Mora de Castilla (Ru Fernando Ramírez Book 2023 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under

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Propagation and Cultivation,tip layering, runners, rhizomes, and in vitro culture. Plant breeders utilize seeds of wild . species to establish new features and improve cultivars. . Benth. seed exhibits exogenous dormancy. It is caused by embryo growth restriction due to seed-coat excessive hardness, impermeability, or the occu

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Fruit and Chromosome Number,cle or torus. The fruit pulp is red with a strong and delicious sour flavor. The author measured the mean length (23.59 mm), width (20.09 mm), and weight (5.57 g) of . Benth mature fruits. Mora de Castilla fruit length-weight relationships showed a moderate to high correlation (. = 0.73). Furthermor

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Postharvest Physiology and Nutritional Facts,s a result of handling, transportation, and packing. Different coating treatments have been used to extend the shelf life and in some cases protect the fruits of Mora de Castilla, such as chitosan, gum guar, bacterial cellulose, edible coatings, ., etc. Gaseous ozone has been applied to Mora de Cast

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Genetic Diversity,mplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and random amplified microsatellites (RAMs). Most studies have been conducted in Colombia and Ecuador. Variable results have been obtained regarding the genetic diversity of Mo

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Breeding Programs, Mora de Castilla have been observed in the wild. . Benth was an allopolyploid obtained by hybridization between a black raspberry and a South American blackberry. Mora de Castilla is an important breeding material due to its large fruit size, low chilling requirements, excellent fruit quality, arom

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