Titlebook: Language Attitudes and Minority Rights; The Case of Catalan James Hawkey Book 2018 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018 Fr

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Research Context: Northern Catalonia, norms (Paris for French, Barcelona for Catalan). The complex history of Northern Catalonia will prove of explanatory potential in later discussions of language ideologies, while the simultaneous presence of local and supralocal forms of Catalan will be relevant in the upcoming phonetic experiment.

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Phonetic Variation and Language Attitudes in Northern Catalonia,ases, if a participant rates Catalan highly as a language of status, s/he is more likely to employ supralocal variants (i.e. those akin to the speech of Barcelona). However, if Catalan is rated highly as a language of solidarity, the participant shows a tendency to employ local variants.

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Qualitative Analysis: Spatial Discourses and Language Ideologies in Northern Catalonia,ndscape of the region, most importantly in reinforcing the hegemonic position of French. However, when it comes to staking claims to local identity, a nuanced understanding of authenticity allows for the (limited) subversion of hegemony through the learning of Catalan as a second language.

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49475-8Infectious diseases; Emerging infections; Tropical diseases; Viral infections; Antimicrobial resistance;

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