Titlebook: Keratoconus; Current and Future S Ashraf Armia,Cosimo Mazzotta Book 2022 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive l

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Corneal Cross-Linking in Ultrathin Corneas,e “sub400” protocol instead control the depth of cross-linking to a safe distance from the endothelium by modifying UV illumination time based on patients’ corneal thickness. This approach can treat thinner corneas than older “thin cornea CXL” techniques (like swelling with hypoosmolar riboflavin) a

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Corneal Allogenic Intrastromal Ring Segments C.A.I.R.S,visual acuity or are contact lens intolerant often need refractive empowerment. The authors describe a new technique named CAIRS (corneal allogenic intra-stromal ring segments) involving mid-peripheral intra-stromal transplantation of donor cornea stromal segments, an allogenic alternative to synthe

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Femtosecond-Laser Assisted Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (F-DALK),or surgeons, which benefits patients by reducing the invasiveness of the procedure, improving the odds against complications and by maintaining patient’s own, healthy endothelial tissue. The key advantage in using the femtosecond laser for DALK is the higher rate of successful intraoperative prepara

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SLAK: Stromal Lanticule Addition Keratoplasty, surgery. Stromal Lanticule Addition Keratoplasty (SLAK) is an evolving minimally invasive procedure of donor corneal lenticules implantation through recipient intrastromal pocket, inducing central corneal flattening while increasing the stromal thickness in advanced corneal ectasia, adding stromal

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Shady T. Awwad,Lara Asrouiur chapters describing the basic operation of each of the four fundamental building blocks of modern electronics: operational amplifiers, semiconductor diodes, bipolar junction transistors, and field effect transistors. Attention is focused on the reader obtaining a clear understanding of each of th