Titlebook: Ischemic Heart Disease; From Diagnosis to Tr Giovanni Concistrè Textbook 2023 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclus

懒洋洋

Surgical Anatomy of Coronary Arteries: Morphogenesis, Normal and Pathological Anatomy,ry arteries (CAs) or by congenital alterations in their origin and course. A good knowledge of the normal coronary anatomy, including coronary variants, is crucial to recognize alterations in coronary anatomy caused by acquired disorders or abnormalities in CA development. The latter may be benign a

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Cervical-Spine

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Corroborate

Epidemiology of Ischemic Heart Disease,cally manifest disease usually occurring after 50 years of age. Mortality rates rise with increasing age leading to a substantial number of deaths from 60 years of age onwards. Risk factors can be divided into two categories: traditional and emerging. Traditional or established risk factors can be f

小官

Non-atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease,s and may have few if any coronary risk factors. These features can make diagnosis more difficult in the context of symptomatology that is consistent with that produced by obstructive coronary atherosclerosis. This chapter covers a few important causes of NACAD including SCAD, coronary vasospasm, co

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Lime石灰

Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Acute Myocardial Infarction,inical symptom assessment, has become a routine in clinical diagnosis, differential diagnosis, risk stratification, and prognosis and guides the management of patients with suspected cardiovascular diseases. Accordingly, the aim of this chapter is to explore the literature on cardiac biomarkers, mai

TRACE

Electrocardiogram in Ischemic Heart Disease, we discuss about the fundamental role of the ECG in ischemic heart disease. The electrocardiogram (ECG) allows a prompt diagnosis of myocardial ischemia or infarction, predicts the extent and locations of the involved area, and provides prognostic characterization in the advanced stage of disease.