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Titlebook: International Economic Co-Operation and the World Bank; Robert W. Oliver Book 1996 Robert W. Oliver 1996 Bretton Woods.economic policy.Exp

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发表于 2025-3-21 17:15:26 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
书目名称International Economic Co-Operation and the World Bank
编辑Robert W. Oliver
视频video
图书封面Titlebook: International Economic Co-Operation and the World Bank;  Robert W. Oliver Book 1996 Robert W. Oliver 1996 Bretton Woods.economic policy.Exp
描述On December 14, 1945, the House of Commons voted 314 to 50 to ratify the Agreements negotiated at Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, nearly a year and a half earlier. Lord Keynes had returned from Washington to defend the Fund and the Bank, of which he and Harry White were the principal authors, as well as to justify an American loan to Britain - following President Harry S. Truman‘s abrupt postwar decision to terminate all land-lease assistance to its wartime allies, an event which induced the Conservative MP Robert Boothby, to declare: ‘This is our economic Munich‘.Today, fifty years later, virtually all the governments of the world have become members, and the capital subscriptions have increased many fold. But questions have arisen. Perhaps the Fund and the Bank should be merged. Some argue that fifty years are enough, at least for the Bank. Others believe that, while expansion should continue, the emphasis should be redirected toward the alleviation of poverty in Africa and southern Asia.This is an account of the historic events of the interwar years and after. It is also a story about the liberal philosophies of the political economists, primarily British and American, who produce
出版日期Book 1996
关键词Bretton Woods; economic policy; Expansion; Harry S; Truman; Keynes; poverty
版次1
doihttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14081-7
isbn_softcover978-1-349-14083-1
isbn_ebook978-1-349-14081-7
copyrightRobert W. Oliver 1996
The information of publication is updating

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发表于 2025-3-21 21:41:57 | 显示全部楼层
The Clearing Union and Early Discussions of the Bank Plan,attention to the theoretical aspects of balance of payments adjustments — some, following Keynes, tending to favor changing (though not necessarily freely fluctuating) exchange rates, and some (particularly those in the Labour Party) tending to favor import restrictions and exchange controls.
发表于 2025-3-22 03:57:59 | 显示全部楼层
The Articles of Agreement and the Working Bank, eighty developing countries in annual reviews of development programs and was working closely with other multilateral development agencies and the governments of wealthier nations to co-ordinate the flow of financial resources to the less developed world.
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发表于 2025-3-22 12:53:26 | 显示全部楼层
Negotiations before Bretton Woods,g their people to believe that they were receiving no aid — that they were fighting alone. There were already differences between the Allies concerning the terms of a postwar political settlement, especially with respect to Poland and Rumania.
发表于 2025-3-22 20:21:45 | 显示全部楼层
Bretton Woods,d that a Bank plan could probably be negotiated quickly, and the Bank was placed on the Bretton Woods agenda. While discussions concerning the Fund dragged on for nearly two years, basic agreement on the Bank was reached in little more than two weeks!
发表于 2025-3-22 23:56:52 | 显示全部楼层
r and a half earlier. Lord Keynes had returned from Washington to defend the Fund and the Bank, of which he and Harry White were the principal authors, as well as to justify an American loan to Britain - following President Harry S. Truman‘s abrupt postwar decision to terminate all land-lease assist
发表于 2025-3-23 01:55:47 | 显示全部楼层
,Reconstruction, Recovery, and Collapse, 1919–1933,or rendered obsolete. This requires external assistance, for the import requirements of a reconstructing economy, in comparison with the recent past, are temporarily greater, and the export capabilities, temporarily less. The maintenance of tolerable living standards during reconstruction also requi
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