Titlebook: Innate Immunity; R. Alan B. Ezekowitz,Jules A. Hoffmann Book 2003 Springer Science+Business Media New York 2003 Chemokine.infection.innate

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Structures of Complement Control Proteinsa multiprotein pore-forming structure capable of lysing cells. Since activation through any of these pathways can occur almost instantly and without the participation of cellular elements, the complement system is an essential first line of attack against microbial infection.

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Regulatory Co-options in the Evolution of Deuterostome Immune Systemsed deuterostome animal, the sea urchin, prove immensely interesting when viewed comparatively with respect to the innate immune systems of vertebrates. In this chapter we have focused on the evolution of the gene regulatory foundations on which the very different innate immune systems of these diffe

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Pattern Recognition Receptors in ,al genes in ., and the activation of T- cells in mammals. Pattern recognition proteins also participate in the effector mechanisms of the immune system, such as the complement (mammals) and prophenoloxidase (insect) cascades, as well as phagocytosis of microorganisms.

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Humoral and Cellular Responses in , Innate Immunity is a major goal of recent research in innate immunity. For the last 10 years, . has been one major model system successfully used to dissect the molecular cascades controlling innate immunity in invertebrates. We describe here the current knowledge of the humoral and cellular arms of . immunity and

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Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein and CD14components via pathways that do not initiate inflammation. CD14 may also be important in the clearance of apoptotic cells via noninflammatory pathways. These are principally acute roles for the proteins. Recent epidemologic studies also suggest that CD 14 may play a role in more chronic situations t

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The Role of Chemokines in Linking Innate and Adaptive Immunityh arms of the immune response share several common features including amazing degrees of specificity for pathogens and foreign antigens .. Indeed, there is increasing evidence that the induction of different types of effector adaptive responses is directed by the innate immune system after its highl