| 书目名称 | Industrial Applications for Intelligent Polymers and Coatings | | 编辑 | Majid Hosseini,Abdel Salam Hamdy Makhlouf | | 视频video | | | 概述 | Contains an overview of the emerging advances and industrial applications of the different types of intelligent polymers and coatings, their major properties, structure, mechanics, and characterizatio | | 图书封面 |  | | 描述 | This book is a comprehensive collaboration on intelligent polymers and coatings for industrial applications by worldwide researchers and specialists. The authors cover the basis and fundamental aspects of intelligent polymers and coatings, challenges, and potential mechanisms and properties. They include recent and emerging industrial applications in medical, smart textile design, oil and gas, electronic, aerospace, and automobile industries as well as other applications including microsystems, sensors, and actuators, among others. The authors discuss the potential for future research in these areas for improvement and growth of marketable applications of intelligent polymers and coatings. | | 出版日期 | Book 2016 | | 关键词 | Coating Technology; Functional Materials; High Temperature Application; Intelligent Materials; Intellige | | 版次 | 1 | | doi | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26893-4 | | isbn_softcover | 978-3-319-80036-3 | | isbn_ebook | 978-3-319-26893-4 | | copyright | Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 |
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Front Matter |
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Abstract
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,Smart Stimuli-Responsive Nano-sized Hosts for Drug Delivery, |
Majid Hosseini,Fatemeh Farjadian,Abdel Salam Hamdy Makhlouf |
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Abstract
The evolution in the synthesis of smart polymers broadens new horizons for their potent application in medicine, especially in drug delivery. Many synthetic polymers that exhibit environmentally responsive behavior are potential smart carrier candidates that allow for controlled therapeutic delivery. These materials can be loaded with specific drugs for therapeutic applications, releasing treatment in response to a stimulus. This stimuli-responsive capability has enabled smart polymeric materials to distribute drugs in response to commonly known exogenous and/or endogenous stimuli. Examples of these various stimuli include pH, enzyme concentration, temperature, ultrasound intensity, as well as light, magnetic field, redox gradients and a multitude of other potential stimuli. This chapter provides a detailed critical discussion and an overview of the stimuli-responsive polymers which have found applications in targeted drug delivery. Furthermore, multiresponsive systems and their forthcoming development as well as challenges associated with some stimuli-responsive systems are discussed. Finally, the most recent and emerging trends along with a look toward expected future breakthroug
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,Stimuli-Responsive Smart Polymeric Coatings: An Overview, |
Saravanan Nagappan,Madhappan Santha Moorthy,Kummara Madhusudana Rao,Chang-Sik Ha |
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Abstract
Coatings are an important topic within the scientific community, spanning from the ancient to the modern world. Coatings are not only used for decorative purposes but also for functionality, for example, coatings that are resistant to the effects of weathering (i.e., rain, UV light, etc.). Up until present, several coating materials were developed using various types of natural and synthetic materials. The scientific improvements of the modern era have made it easy to create novel coating formulations by mimicking ancient pathways. Recently nonstick, self-cleaning, self-healing, and stimuli-responsive surfaces have attracted special interest in the formulation of smart coating materials. Several attempts were made to synthesize and develop highly efficient smart polymeric coatings from the practical point of view due to the increasing need for smart coatings in modern technologies and industrial applications. Stimuli-responsive smart coatings are also very useful in extending the life of final products, which is also a reason to develop a variety of new coating formulations for industrial purpose. On the other hand, the synthesis of stimuli-responsive smart coatings and maintaining
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,Electroactive Polymers and Coatings, |
Lisa C. du Toit,Pradeep Kumar,Yahya E. Choonara,Viness Pillay |
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Abstract
Electroactive polymers (EAPs) and coatings (EACs) provide an expanding and progressive frontier for responsive drug delivery and the design of biomedical devices. EAPs possess the distinctive propensity to undergo a change in shape and/or size following electrical current activation. Current interest in EAPs and EACs extends to use in controlled drug delivery applications, where an “on-off” mechanism for drug releases would be optimal, as well as application in a biomedical devices and implants. This chapter explores and molecularly characterizes various EAPs such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, and polyethylene, which can ultimately be incorporated into responsive hydrogels in conjunction with, for example, a desired bioactive, to obtain a stimulus-controlled bioactive release system, which can be actuated by the patient, for enhanced specificity. The institution of hybrids of conducting polymers and hydrogels has also been subjected to increasing investigation as soft EACs, which have been applied, for example, in the improvement of the mechanical and electrical performance of metallic implant electrodes. The various interconnected aspects of EAP-based systems, includ
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,Characterization and Performance of Stress- and Damage-Sensing Smart Coatings, |
Gregory Freihofer,Seetha Raghavan |
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Abstract
Mechanical enhancement of polymers with high modulus reinforcements, such as ceramic particles, has facilitated the development of structural composites with applications in the aerospace industry where strength to efficiency ratio is of significance. These modifiers have untapped multifunctional sensing capabilities that can be enabled by deploying these particles innovatively in polymer composites and as coatings. This chapter highlights some of the recent and novel findings in the development of piezospectroscopic particle-reinforced polymers as smart stress- and damage-sensing coatings. The sections in this chapter describe the piezospectroscopic effect for alumina-based particulate composites, show the derivation of multiscale mechanics to quantify substrate stresses with piezospectroscopy, and demonstrate their performance in stress and damage sensing applied to a composite material. The noninvasive instrumentation is outlined and discussed for current and future applications in the industry ranging from manufacturing quality control to in-service damage inspections.
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,Smart Polymer Surfaces, |
Juan Rodríguez-Hernández |
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Abstract
The preparation of smart surfaces (i.e., surfaces exhibiting switchable and a priori contradictory properties) has been extensively pursued during the last decade. Their unique adaptability by property variation as a function of environmental changes has found multiple industrial applications in fields including sensoring and diagnosis or in the biomedical field to promote, for instance, cell and tissue engineering. This chapter will provide an overview of the main strategies reported to produce adaptive surfaces depending on the external stimuli employed to vary reversibly the surface properties. The variation of the surface topography at the micro- and nanopatterned interfaces will be described as an additional tool to significantly alter the final surface properties. Differentiation will be provided between the methodologies to prepare patterned surfaces as a function of their final resolution. Finally, some of the applications will be highlighted in which smart polymer surfaces have been applied including wettability, biomedical purposes, sensoring, or smart adhesion.
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,Smart Textile Transducers: Design, Techniques, and Applications, |
Lina M. Castano,Alison B. Flatau |
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Abstract
Smart textiles are emerging technologies with numerous applications and technical advantages. These are textiles which have undergone alteration in order to be utilized as sensors, actuators, and/or other types of transducers. Sensing and actuation features can be imparted to fabric substrates by applying intelligent coatings such that they will be sensitive and/or reactive to more than one type of stimulus, (e.g., chemical or physical). Smart coating polymers applied to fabrics include inherently conductive, semiconductive, and particle-doped polymers. These coatings can be piezoresistive, magnetoresistive, piezoelectric, photochromic, and sensitive to chemicals, gases, changes in humidity, and temperature, among others. In this chapter, an overview of the smart textile transducer elements, textile platforms, application techniques, and construction methods will be presented. Multiple applications have been inspired by the lightweight and compliant characteristics of smart textiles: industrial (i.e., uniforms), aerospace (i.e., space suit liners), military (i.e., soldier gear), and medical (i.e., patient garments), among others. These applications will define the current developme
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,Smart Polymers: Synthetic Strategies, Supramolecular Morphologies, and Drug Loading, |
Marli Luiza Tebaldi,Rose Marie Belardi,Fernanda S. Poletto |
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Abstract
Smart polymers are a relatively new type of material that is attracting attention from considerable attention from polymer scientists due to their promising applications in several high-tech industry fields. The properties of the smart polymers can change in various ways due to the action of a number of triggers such as temperature, pH, enzymes, ionic strength, and light intensity. The design of the polymer architecture is a key factor to obtain structures with the desired properties. The advent of controlled radical polymerization techniques has led to the development of a variety of polymers with controlled characteristics. Functionalization of these polymers has been successfully used to synthesize numerous structures with desired architectures creating unprecedented opportunities for the design of advanced materials with stimuli-responsive properties. In this chapter, recent advances in this fascinating research field will be presented highlighting new controlled living polymerization methods. Some concepts will also be introduced regarding drug loading and types of morphologies of self-assembled supramolecular structures derived from smart polymers.
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,Functions of Bioactive and Intelligent Natural Polymers in the Optimization of Drug Delivery, |
Ndidi C. Ngwuluka,Nelson A. Ochekpe,Okezie I. Aruoma |
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Abstract
Bioactive polymers, by their structural configuration and conformation, possess the ability to exert biological activities and consequently elicit responses from cells and tissues. Intelligent polymers are smart polymers which respond to internal and external stimuli in order to propel the release or modify the release of drugs. Natural polymers are biogenic, biocompatible, biodegradable, and safe for consumption. Consequently, they present as suitable materials that the human body can identify with and not treat as foreign bodies, thereby reducing the complications encountered when dealing with synthetic polymers. Natural polymers have been shown to be bioactive, exhibiting biological activities such as antitumor, anticoagulant, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiulcer, anti-inflammatory, and antirheumatic. In addition, natural polymers are meritorious materials for the fabrication of self-regulated or externally regulated drug delivery systems. These systems respond to the state of the environment for efficacious therapy. Drug delivery technology is shifting from the controlled release of drugs over time to the release of drugs when and where needed, especially for chronic diseases.
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,Outlook of Aptamer-Based Smart Materials for Industrial Applications, |
Emily Mastronardi,Maria C. DeRosa |
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Abstract
“Smart” materials are advanced materials that are able to change their physical or chemical properties in response to external stimuli in their environment, and they are finding uses in industry such as in drug delivery, for example. By adding a molecular recognition probe to the material that is specific to a target of interest, these smart materials can become responsive to specific molecules or biomolecules. Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides that fold into complex structures and bind their targets with high affinity and selectivity. Due to their stability and facile method of synthesis and labeling, DNA aptamers are well suited to incorporation in smart materials. The addition of aptamers into these advanced materials allows the material to gain functionality from target recognition, altering the properties of the material upon target binding. Aptamer-based smart materials bring together aptamer technology with materials science, producing multifunctional, advanced materials with tunable properties that could be applied to many facets of industry. This chapter will discuss current literature and patents pertaining to aptamer-based smart materials and discuss the appl
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,Superhydrophobic and Water-Repellent Polymer-Nanoparticle Composite Films, |
Ioannis Karapanagiotis,Panagiotis Manoudis |
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Abstract
The wetting properties of the surfaces of polymer films changed dramatically from the usual inherent hydrophobicity (or slight hydrophilicity) to superhydrophobicity (contact angle, CA > 150°) by embedding oxide nanoparticles into the polymer matrices. The desired hierarchical roughness at the micrometer and nanometer scale was induced in poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene, and four poly(alkyl siloxane) films enriched with silica, tin oxide, alumina, and zinc oxide nanoparticles, ranging from 7 to 70 nm in mean diameter. Particles were added in the polymer solutions which were afterward sprayed on various substrates, such as glass, silicon, concrete, aluminum, silk, paper, wood, marble (white), sandstone, and mortar. It is stressed that superhydrophobicity was accompanied by water repellency, as evidenced by the low contact angle hysteresis (CAH < 10°). Consequently, it is demonstrated that the simple suggested method for transforming the wetting properties of polymer films to achieve extreme nonwetting is flexible as it can be effectively applied using different materials, including polymers and nanoparticles of low cost. Moreover, the method can be easily used for the surface
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,Application of Conducting Polymers in Solar Water-Splitting Catalysis, |
Mohammed Alsultan,Abbas Ranjbar,Gerhard F. Swiegers,Gordon G. Wallace,Sivakumar Balakrishnan,Junhua |
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Abstract
Water splitting is the general term for a chemical reaction in which water is separated into its constituent materials, oxygen and hydrogen. Hydrogen is widely considered to be an ideal fuel of the future due to its potential to replace fossil fuels. The key to an energy-efficient water-splitting process lies in catalysts that can carry out the water oxidation and reduction reactions with minimal energy losses. Conducting polymers are attractive materials for this technology and application because they may combine several desirable properties, including electronic conduction, ionic conduction, sensor functionality, and electrochromism. In this chapter, water splitting assisted by or driven by illumination with sunlight and involving conducting polymers is reviewed. The properties of conducting polymers that make them favorable for this purpose are also discussed. Comparisons of these properties with those of conventional water-splitting materials are made. Finally, a statement of research and achievements of solar hydrogen production through water splitting using conductive polymers will be reported.
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,Smart Biopolymers in Food Industry, |
Ricardo Stefani,Gabrielle L. R. R. B. Vinhal,Diego Vinicius do Nascimento,Mayra Cristina Silva Perei |
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Abstract
Over the course of the last decade, significant interest in the use of biopolymers within the food industry as smart and active polymer systems has emerged. Such polymers have been successfully utilized to entrap micronutrients within microparticles and antioxidant packaging and have also been employed within food quality monitoring systems, such as active and intelligent packaging systems. The technologies that are associated with smart and active biopolymers have the potential to drive the development of a new generation of intelligent/active packaging systems that integrate food quality monitoring systems and microparticles in a manner that extends the shelf life of food products and their nutritional value. This chapter provides an in-depth review of the techniques that are typically employed in the preparation and characterization of smart and active biopolymers, films and microparticles, their potential applications within the food industry, and the challenges that are associated with their use and development.
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,Designing Self-Healing Polymers by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization and Click Chemistry, |
Bhaskar Jyoti Saikia,Dhaneswar Das,Pronob Gogoi,Swapan Kumar Dolui |
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Abstract
The development of smart self-healing polymeric materials and composites has been the subject of a tremendous amount of research over last few years. When self-healing materials are mechanically damaged, either internally (via crack formation) or externally (by scratching), they have the ability of restoring their original strength and recovering their inherent properties. For polymers to exhibit such a healing ability, they must contain some functionality which will either rebound among themselves or have the ability of coupling with other functionalities. Preparation of such multifunctional and well-defined macromolecules requires a smart selection of a controlled polymerization technique in combination with appropriate coupling reactions. Among all the polymerization techniques introduced so far, atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is the most versatile owing to its exceptional properties like preparation of polymer with predetermined molecular weight, narrow polydispersity index, predetermined chain-end functionality, and tunable architecture. Click chemistry is an extremely powerful coupling approach which in combination with ATRP can be used for generation of polymers
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,Polyurethane-Based Smart Polymers, |
Norazwani Muhammad Zain,Syazana Ahmad Zubir |
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Abstract
Polyurethane is a highly versatile polymer that may be used in various types of applications with a wide range of properties. The combination of different types and ratios of isocyanate and polyol allows for the control of the desired end properties. Due to its unique properties, it has found applications in the fields of medical, military, automobile, and aerospace industries. Recently, there has been a prodigious interest in producing polyurethane-based smart polymers, especially shape memory polyurethane (SMPU). This is due to its excellent ability to change shape upon the application of external stimuli such as heat, electric field, magnetic field, and light. The existence of phase-separated structure known as soft- and hard-segment domains contributes toward the shape memory properties of polyurethane. The soft-segment domains are responsible for maintaining the temporary shape, while hard segments fix the permanent shape. This chapter comprehensively aims to address a wide overview of polyurethane-based smart polymer and the chemistry behind the shape memory properties. In addition, this chapter also summarizes the recent studies on the exploration of SMPU using vegetable oil
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,Piezoelectric PVDF Polymeric Films and Fibers: Polymorphisms, Measurements, and Applications, |
Ramin Khajavi,Mina Abbasipour |
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Abstract
The development of piezoelectric materials has surged forward due to their ability to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy and conversely. A wide range of materials have so far been introduced in the field, among which lead zirconate titanate (PZT) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are the highlighted products because of their higher conversion efficiency, especially the high flexibility of the latter. PVDF is a semicrystalline polymer whose molecular structure is composed of a repeating monomer unit of (–CH.CF.–).. In this chapter, different polymorphisms of PVDF depending on the chain conformations of trans (T) and gauche (G) linkages are presented. Also, various methods such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) employed for the investigation of phase transition are summarized. Strategies for the enhancement of the .-phase such as mechanical stretching, electrical polling, and addition of fillers are discussed. Moreover, the evaluation components of the piezoelectric efficiency including piezoelectric coefficients, responding voltage, polarization-electric field (P-E) h
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,Multifunctional Materials for Biotechnology: Opportunities and Challenges, |
Luminita Ioana Buruiana |
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Abstract
The use of multifunctional materials in different biomedical applications has attracted much attention in recent years. Desire for biocompatible devices has paved the way for highly degradable and biocompatible materials that are specifically designed for targeted drug delivery and imaging contrast agents. Cellular and molecular interactions as well as those for engineered materials (atoms, molecules, and molecular fragments) are the foundation of biotechnology, where smart multifunctional materials can serve as targeted drug delivery carriers, able to release therapeutic agents or genes in large doses into malignant cells without harming healthy cells. Simultaneously, these systems have the potential to radically change oncology, allowing for easy detection followed by effective targeted treatment at the onset of the disease. In this context, given the exhaustive possibilities available to polymeric particle chemistry, research has been directed at multifunctional materials that combine tumor targeting, tumor therapy, and tumor imaging in an all-in-one system, providing a useful multimodal approach in the battle against cancer. In this context, a wide range of multifunctional syst
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,Nanocomposite Polymeric-Based Coatings: From Mathematical Modeling to Experimental Insights for Ada |
Andreea Irina Barzic |
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Abstract
Nanocomposite polymeric-based coatings have been widely investigated owing to their high performance and physical properties that can be easily controlled through various factors. The performance of such systems is determined not only by the characteristics of the polymers or nanofiller but also by the interactions occurring between them. For understanding the improvement routes of their properties, a short classification of the polymer nanocomposites highlighting the importance of the shape, size, distribution, and origin of the nanofiller is presented. A review of the investigation methods of the microstructure evaluation, starting from solution phase to solid coatings, is performed. These techniques include rheology, UV-VIS spectroscopy, microscopic techniques, electron tomography, X-ray diffraction, mechanical tests, permeability measurements, and advanced thermal analysis. In addition to experimental evaluation tools, synthesis for the mathematical models developed for their electrical, thermal, and dielectric properties is presented. The current trends in obtaining intelligent polymer composites (thermo-sensitive, pH-responsive, and other responsive stimuli) for various appli
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,Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Coatings for Anticorrosion Applications, |
Mehdi Honarvar Nazari,Xianming Shi |
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Abstract
The successful use of polymeric coatings for corrosion prevention or mitigation is often hindered by their inherently porous microstructure that fails to resist the ingress of detrimental species and/or by their vulnerability to damage by surface abrasion, wear, or scratches. Incorporation of nanomaterials in polymeric coatings can greatly improve their barrier performance. While the last decade has seen a substantial amount of research on polymeric nanocomposite coatings, the knowledge underlying the critical roles nanomaterials play remains scattered. This chapter discusses the utilization of nanotechnology to greatly enhance the properties of polymer-based coatings for anticorrosion applications, by modifying the microstructure of the coating bulk or endowing it with additional functionality. It starts with a brief discussion of the relevant knowledge base, including: microstructure of polymer nanocomposites, influence of nanomodification on properties of polymeric coatings, fabrication approaches, and the use of polymeric nanocoating as a carrier for corrosion inhibitors. It also provides a review of technological advances in the use of nanotechnology to produce high-performanc
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,Amphiphilic Invertible Polymers and Their Applications, |
Ananiy Kohut,Ivan Hevus,Stanislav Voronov,Andriy Voronov |
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Abstract
Amphiphilic invertible polymers (AIPs) are novel smart macromolecules. Synthesized from short lipophilic and hydrophilic constituents that are alternately or randomly distributed along the polymer backbone, the AIP macromolecules possess an enhanced flexibility and rapidly respond to changes in an environmental polarity by changing their macromolecular conformation. By increasing a solution concentration, the AIP macromolecules self-organize into micellar assemblies that can change their physicochemical properties in response to changes in a medium polarity. The micellar assemblies from AIPs can be applied for the development of smart nanoreactors for the synthesis of metal and semiconductor nanoparticles of a controlled shape and size, as well as for the growth of fibrillar carbon nanostructures and the formation of smart nanocontainers for drug delivery. Synthetic routes to (1) amphiphilic invertible polyurethanes based on poly(ethylene glycol), polytetrahydrofuran, and 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate and (2) amphiphilic invertible polyesters based on poly(ethylene glycol) and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids were elaborated, and the corresponding polymers were successfully synthesized. Th
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发表于 2025-3-21 18:21:30
