Titlebook: In a Class of Their Own; A Detailed Examinati Gary Ritchison Book 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023 Avian Evolution.Avian Locomotion

prodrome

Locating, Obtaining, Ingesting, and Digesting Food,he different avian dietary guilds, including insectivores, frugivores, invertivores, granivores, carnivores, scavengers, nectarivores, herbivores, and omnivores. The anatomy and physiology of the avian digestive system are also discussed in detail, with information about the interspecific variation

anthesis

Cardiovascular and Immune Systems,are also exposed to a wide variety of pathogens and so require an effective immune system. In this chapter, the structure and function of the avian cardiovascular system are explained, including how the blood transports oxygen and carbon dioxide. Adaptations that allow some birds to fly at high alti

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Alienated

丰富

Myocarditis

Energy Balance and Thermoregulation,ate (BMR), varies within and among species, with rates increasing with decreasing body mass. In this chapter, I discuss factors beyond body mass that can influence BMR, such as latitude, as well as seasonal variation in BMR. Also discussed are the ways in which birds maintain their body temperatures

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Avian Locomotion: Flying, Running, Walking, Climbing, Swimming, and Diving,ight, this chapter covers the evolution of flight and provides a detailed explanation of how birds fly and factors that have contributed to the evolution of different wing shapes and variation in wing loading. The different ways that birds fly, from gliding and soaring to flapping flight to hovering

北极熊

Intractable

affinity