Titlebook: Imaging Biomarkers; Development and Clin Luis Martí-Bonmatí,Angel Alberich-Bayarri Book 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

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Introduction to the Stepwise Development of Imaging Biomarkers,al has changed. Clinical radiologists must now incorporate biological development and preclinical research into a clinical reality. The use of imaging measurements in individual patients improves the main clinical outcomes, such as depicting abnormalities, predicting prognosis, staging diseases, and

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Defining the Biological Basis and Clinical Question (Proof of Concept); Looking for the Interrelatiber of reasons. For any newly developed (imaging) biomarker, the underlying pathophysiological mechanism has to be understood, and the corresponding biomarker has to be a valid and reproducible surrogate for this pathophysiological process (proof of concept and proof of mechanism). Hence, the role o

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Image Acquisition: Modality and Protocol Definition,ts in clinical trials [1]. Medical imaging overcomes the three main difficulties that traditional clinical endpoints have, such as (1) their difficulty to be standardized or quantified, (2) the long time required to be manifested, and (3) their high costs, particularly when long-term endpoints, such

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Imaging Biomarker Measurements,ct numerous quantitative features from computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR), and positron emission tomography (PET) images. The conversion of digital medical images into mineable high-dimensional data is called radiomics and is motivated by the concept that biomedical images contain inf

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Detecting Measurement Biases: Sources of Uncertainty, Accuracy, and Precision of the Measurements,s aim, clinical endpoints assess subjective health status, functional status, well-being, and quality of life from the point of view of a patient participating in a study or a clinical trial. Clinical endpoints include all types of patient-based outcome measures, such as questionnaires and scales, t

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Validating the Imaging Biomarker: The Proof of Efficacy and Effectiveness,and research studies. Medical imaging techniques like ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET) in conjunction with advanced acquisition protocols have given rise to creating and establishing quantitative biomarkers to assess biolo

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The Final Step: Imaging Biomarkers in Structured Reports,D. Enfield emphasized that the radiologist provided detailed descriptions, without expressing his opinion on the clinical relevance of such descriptions, which could benefit the patient [1]. However, the methodology for reporting medical studies has not changed with the same speed as technology, wor

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Pearls and Pitfalls in Gold Standards and Biological Correlation, imperfect reference standard, strategies to handle imperfect “gold standards” and how to achieve the best possible validation. These topics are illustrated by reference to three currently used markers: MR elastography as a surrogate marker of liver fibrosis stage, CT colonography detected adenomas