Titlebook: History and Measurement of the Base and Derived Units; Steven A. Treese Book 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer N

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Metric and U.S. Customary/English Systems,English system, with roots back over 6000 years ago in ancient Mesopotamia, has changed significantly over the intervening centuries. The history of these changes is highlighted up to the current definitions of the units, which actually use SI metric units as a basis. Similarly, the genesis of the m

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Historical Area,t have also been separately defined and had their own, unique unit names. This chapter describes the roots and approaches to area measurement and calculation which have been applied over the centuries. The development of the concepts of land ownership and agriculture that drove the definitions of la

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Historical Weight and Mass, of mass developed somewhat later. For practical, daily applications in a terrestrial frame of reference, weight can be converted to mass with small error. Weight is normally what is measured by available devices, such as balances and weighing scales. The “operational weight” measured this way is cl

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Historical Temperature,e earliest qualitative measures through the numerous attempts to develop a usable measurement scale, while the ability to actually determine temperature developed. The large number of alternative scales in use as late as the 19th century AD is reviewed. The number of scales has today been mostly red

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Historical Angular Measurement,antify angles beginning in ancient times. Most systems begin with a circle and divide the circle into equal segments of arc. Measurement of the angles thus defined has been accomplished by using a number of devices and/or the functions defined by trigonometry. There are two common angle systems in u

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Historical Electrical Charge and Current,nces, congresses, committees, actions (and inactions), and changes in what has eventually become the international standard for electrical measurement: electric current. Electrical measurement is intricately linked to magnetic measurements, forming a cohesive system. This chapter describes the journ

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