Titlebook: Handbook of Sol-Gel Science and Technology; Processing, Characte Lisa Klein,Mario Aparicio,Andrei Jitianu Reference work 2018Latest edition

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Sol-Gel Processing of Fluoride and Oxyfluoride Materials reactive treatment in HF to fluorinate the composition. In the second case, trifluoroacetate precursors or metal alkoxides in trifluoroacetic acid are used to form the gel or thin films directly. The principal motivation for using sol-gel routes to prepare glassy fluorides and oxyfluorides is that they have useful optical applications.

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History of the Sol‐Gel Chemistry and Technologyel processing started to be made around 1970, it was regarded as a new method of preparing homogeneous glasses and ceramics at low temperatures, compared to the conventional melting and sintering method. After the sol‐gel preparation of inorganic–organic hybrid materials was proposed in 1984, howeve

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Sol-Gel Processing of Thin Films with Metal Saltsxides are not available for the desired cation. In forming multicomponent thin films starting with metal salt solutions, a popular approach is called the Pechini method or the modified-Pechini method. In this approach, there is typically a complexing agent or chelating agent. Ethylene glycol and cit

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Aqueous Precursors It is also possible to use sulfates, oxysulfates, and nitrates. In addition to salts of mineral acids, the salts of organic acids are suitable as precursors. These include acetates, citrates, lactates, and others. Hydrolysis of the salts leads to various hydroxides, oxyhydroxides, and colloidal sol

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Alkaline Silicate Solutions: An Overview of Their Structure, Reactivity, and Applicationsications, it is necessary to identify the parameters controlling their reactivity and interactions with other materials, such as sand and metakaolin. It has been evidenced that the key parameters for solution reactivity are the Si/M molar ratio and the water contents. The most reactive alkaline solu