Titlebook: Handbook of Life Support Systems for Spacecraft and Extraterrestrial Habitats; Erik Seedhouse,David J Shayler Living reference work 2020La

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Maintaining Crew Bone Health,es are direct or indirect effects by microgravity, radiation, dietary restriction, and atmospheric challenges. Despite their magnitude, bone losses have not yet led to increased fracture rates in astronauts returning from low-Earth orbit (LEO) missions. This could change for deep space missions, in

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Minimizing Muscle Atrophy, is also key for maintaining global energy balance in the body. In space, muscle structure and function change, and these changes are mirrored by changes in gene expression. This means that when astronauts return to Earth or land at a destination to be explored, muscle may not function as well as de

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Human Factors Requirements,esearch is facing significant challenges for identifying hazards, quantifying risks, and setting mitigation strategies to increase efficiency and safety in human-machine interaction, especially those including emerging technology. Indeed, looking at future activities in outer space, the results of h

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Short- and Long-Duration Mission Human Factors Requirements, analogue environments. A clear distinction between short- and long-term highlights the importance of human factors in the very next future of human exploration of space. Then, a proposed classification of analogue missions is suggested for establishing common metrics of safety, while improving rese

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Recent American Life Support Systems: Skylab, Spacelab, and the Shuttle,t in size and mission objectives, their life support systems shared similar features such as active and passive thermal control systems, atmosphere revitalization systems, waste management, water supply, and breathable air pressure and composition control.

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Extravehicular Activity Prebreathe Protocols,inside the extravehicular activity (EVA) suits is 4.3 psi oxygen. This lower pressure is necessary because operating a spacesuit at the same pressure as inside the ISS would reduce the mobility of the suit and would result in a large pressure difference between the suit and the vacuum of space. So,