Titlebook: Handbook of Fullerene Science and Technology; Xing Lu,Takeshi Akasaka,Zdeněk Slanina Reference work 2022 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-47708-9ity. Except graphyne which contains sp- and sp.-hybridyzed carbon atoms, the other three elemental carbon materials consist of merely sp.-hybridyzed carbon atoms, and thus they show some similarities in structures and even properties to some extent. This chapter gives a brief summary of the recent r

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-24620-7tability of fullerene cages is the isolated pentagon rule (IPR). The chemical reactivity of fullerenes is similar to that of a fairly localized, electron-deficient polyolefin. Chemical modification of fullerenes is generally classified into exohedral modification and skeletal modification. Exohedral

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Zusammentreffen von Renten und Einkommen silicon and phosphorous nucleophiles, have been employed for the synthesis of a variety of fullerene adducts. In some cases, multiple adducts have been synthesized regioselectively. The second part deals with electrophilic reactions, although reported examples of these reactions are still limited.

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-07633-9unctionalization of these carbon allotropes. To date, numerous C. reactions have been reported in the literature. Of these, radical reaction and photoreaction are major chemical reactions and many such reactions have been developed. The fullerene radical is generated by the addition of a radical to

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Kaiserlichen Normal-Aichungs-Kommissionand have attracted extensive attention due to their high selectivities and excellent reaction efficiencies. Transition metal salts such as those of palladium, rhodium, copper, and others have been widely employed as catalysts for the synthesis of diversified [60]fullerene derivatives.

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Kaiserlichen Normal-Aichungs-Kommissiong Diels-Alder cycloaddition, 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, Bingel-Hirsch cycloaddition, [2 + 2] cycloaddition, free-radical reactions, and carbene reactions. Various fullerenes have been found to exhibit the different chemical reactivity and regioselectivity in these reactions, especially for the endoh