Titlebook: External Properties of Atomic Nuclei / Äussere Eigenschaften der Atomkerne; S. Flügge Book 1958 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1958 Ato

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Atomic Masses of Nuclides,that the atoms of all elements were tightly bound combinations of hydrogen atoms. When slightly later it was discovered that some atomic weights were definitely non-integral numbers, one had either to abandon this hypothesis or to assume that atoms of one element could have different masses. The fir

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Determination of Atomic Masses by Microwave Methods,istic rotational frequencies of molecules lie in the microwave region (electromagnetic spectrum from about 1 to 300 mm in wavelength) and comprise the bulk of the microwave spectra of gases. By measuring the frequency shift which occurs in the pure rotational absorption spectrum of a molecule when a

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Determination of Nuclear Spins and Magnetic Moments by Spectroscopic Methods,ct types of hyperfine structure. The first, called ., is attributed to small displacements of the energy levels of the isotopes relative to one another, while the second, called ., is due to an interaction between the magnetic moment of the nucleus and the electrons. This interaction splits the ener

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Kernmagnetische Hochfrequenz-Spektroskopie,en der Hüllenelektronen erklärt werden. Es lag daher nahe, zur Deutung der Hyperfeinstruktur von Atomspektren und ebenso zur Erklärung des Intensitätswechsels in Molekülbanden (neben dem Isotopieverschiebungs- Effekt) Wechselwirkungen zwischen Kern- und Hüllenmomenten zu vermuten. Die zuerst von . .

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Determination of Nuclear Quadrupole Moments, shape and hence is an important source of information about nuclear structure. Effects due to the non-spherical distribution of charge in a nucleus were first discovered only about twenty years ago, and for the next decade nuclear quadrupole moments were detected only rather rarely and by specializ

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Once upon a River and Ghosts: , bulk of the microwave spectra of gases. By measuring the frequency shift which occurs in the pure rotational absorption spectrum of a molecule when another isotope is substituted for one of the atoms, accurate information about the relative masses of the isotopes can be obtained.

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Indigenous Psychology of Spiritualityr, while the second, called ., is due to an interaction between the magnetic moment of the nucleus and the electrons. This interaction splits the energy levels of a single isotope into a number of states. Frequently combinations of both types are observed in a single spectral line.

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,Conclusion: “The Indigenous Problem”,0 . . concluded that atoms of one element could have different masses; he suggested the name isotopes for bodies with the same chemical properties but different atomic weights. This discovery revived . hypothesis.

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