Titlebook: Evolution in the Dark; Darwin‘s Loss Withou Horst Wilkens,Ulrike Strecker Book 2017 Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2017 Rudimentation.Cave sp

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Surface and Cave Populations of Mexican ,,rphologically into a group of strongly eye- and pigment-reduced (SEP) cave populations and another one characterized by variable eye size and pigmentation (VEP cave populations). Molecular and biogeographic data imply that they derive from the Neotropic . surface fish, which were able to invade Nort

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companion

Regressive and Constructive Traits in , Surface and Cave Fish,se this diurnal day-active fish only exhibits minimal preadaptive traits allowing life in continuous darkness. In ., transition into the new environment took place abruptly and without a phase of gradual adaptation, as is usual when night-active, so-called troglophile surface forms start colonizing

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Mechanisms of Regressive Evolution,ss efforts have been made to prove that selection plays an important role in rudimentation processes in cave animals. Efforts mostly focus on the eye and very often pleiotropy is looked upon as being responsible. For example, eye reduction is claimed to antagonistically drive the improvement of tast

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Ophthalmology of Whippomorpha: Hippopotamuses, Whales, and Dolphins, prevent ophthalmic conditions affecting cetaceans that are under human care. We provide here a review of Whippomorpha ocular anatomy and morphology, as well as the current state of clinical ophthalmology in these species.

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nurture

Predictive Parameters of Fitness in Hemophiliac Children) such as acetate, propionate and butyrate. Lactate, succinate and branched-chain fatty acids are more minor compounds under most conditions in monogastric species. Short chain fatty acid production in the large intestine constitutes a process which allows the recovery of carbon units and chemical e

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55543-8ad cyberattacks using malicious code can cause remarkable physical damage, such as blackouts and disruptions in power production, as attack vectors to manipulate critical infrastructure. To detect incoming attacks and mitigate the performance of those attacks, we introduce defensive mechanisms to pr

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d, and thelocal ring of weak global dimension two is elaborated on by combining homological tricks and methods of star operation theory. Chapter 10 is devoted to the Grothendieck group of a commutative ring. In978-981-10-9846-8978-981-10-3337-7Series ISSN 1572-5553 Series E-ISSN 2192-2950