Titlebook: Evaluating and Standardizing Therapeutic Agents, 1890-1950; Christoph Gradmann (Professor in History of Medici Book 2010 Palgrave Macmilla

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Evaluating and Standardizing Therapeutic Agents, 1890-1950978-0-230-28559-0Series ISSN 2946-9643 Series E-ISSN 2946-9651

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2946-9643 twentieth century. The case studies in this volume offer comparisons across Europe, from the diphtheria antitoxin in the late 1800s to the introduction of the Salk polio vaccine in the 1950s.978-0-230-28559-0Series ISSN 2946-9643 Series E-ISSN 2946-9651

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,Introduction: Evaluating and Standardizing Therapeutic Agents, 1890–1950,stringent criteria of quality. Indeed, such pharmaceutical products are embedded in specific regulations that have been successively put into place since WWII. The general regulatory consensus is that they should not be unnecessarily harmful,. and they should contain specified amounts of the active

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,Paul Ehrlich’s Standardization of Serum: , and Its Meaning for Twentieth-Century Biomedicine,drugs at the end of the nineteenth century. Starting in the 1890s, the Berlin bacteriologist and immunologist created a method to measure the efficacy of therapeutic sera. This method had a wide impact on scientific medicine in the twentieth century, but for Ehrlich it constituted just one step, alb

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,The Construction of a Culture of Standardization at the , (1885–1900),ent in France, suffered from several theoretical, methodological and technical weaknesses that threatened the reproducibility of the results as well as part of the validity of Pasteur’s approach. While these problems were mostly pointed out by German scientists, there were also French critics of Pas

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Quality Control and the Politics of Serum Production in France, quiet Parisian suburb is reminded of Pasteur’s prominent place in the history of French science by a memorial plaque mounted on the wall of the former cavalry stables. The founder of microbiology, at least according to the French version of this history, Pasteur revolutionized the conception of inf