Titlebook: Europe in Space; Guy Collins Book 1990 Guy Collins 1990 comet.development.earth.Planet.remote sensing.telecommunications

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Introduction,ilously close to collapse a decade earlier, came of age. Riding in the shuttle’s cargo bay was Spacelab, an $800 million laboratory designed, built and funded by Western Europe in its first venture into manned research in orbit. Also aboard was West Germany’s first astronaut, 42-year-old physicist U

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,The Europa Débâcle, and political setbacks. But in addition the organisation suffered from the start from a divergence of motives among member countries, and an unclear perception of the way satellite technology would develop. This lack of direction was responsible for the original design of Europa I as a rocket capab

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,Ariane — From Drawing-Board to Launchpad,to the enthusiasm of one country — France. The French government put up 63 per cent of the development costs — estimated in 1973 at 2.47 billion French francs over seven years — and the French space agency CNES became manager of the project.

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Spacelab,orbit even the most basic satellites. It was at that time, with the US Apollo programme in full swing and the first moon landing imminent, that NASA approached the European space authorities to discuss its proposals for the next generation of space transport system. NASA scientists were already work

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Remote Sensing, Comets and the Lure of Mars,ance technology. Spot itself was designed primarily for civilian purposes while the similar Helios satellite project was for military reconnaissance. The go-ahead for the project came six years after the 1972 launch of the first US Landsat satellite to conduct mineral and crop surveys and monitor po

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The Telecommunication Satellite Revolution,e system was provided by Eutelsat, the 26-nation organisation which by the end of the 1980s had four operational satellites in orbit, twice the number it had originally envisaged. The reason for the extra capacity was partly the surge of interest from television companies in the possibilities offere

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