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Titlebook: Euclidean Geometry and its Subgeometries; Edward John Specht,Harold Trainer Jones,Donald H. Book 2015 Springer International Publishing S

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发表于 2025-3-21 19:34:44 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
书目名称Euclidean Geometry and its Subgeometries
编辑Edward John Specht,Harold Trainer Jones,Donald H.
视频video
概述Provides a complete and rigorous axiomatic treatment of Euclidean geometry..Proofs for many theorems are worked out in detail..Takes a modern approach by replacing congruence axioms with a transformat
图书封面Titlebook: Euclidean Geometry and its Subgeometries;  Edward John Specht,Harold Trainer Jones,Donald H.  Book 2015 Springer International Publishing S
描述In this monograph, the authors present a modern development of Euclidean geometry from independent axioms, using up-to-date language and providing detailed proofs. The axioms for incidence, betweenness, and plane separation are close to those of Hilbert. This is the only axiomatic treatment of Euclidean geometry that uses axioms not involving metric notions and that explores congruence and isometries by means of reflection mappings. The authors present thirteen axioms in sequence, proving as many theorems as possible at each stage and, in the process, building up subgeometries, most notably the Pasch and neutral geometries. Standard topics such as the congruence theorems for triangles, embedding the real numbers in a line, and coordinatization of the plane are included, as well as theorems of Pythagoras, Desargues, Pappas, Menelaus, and Ceva. The final chapter covers consistency and independence of axioms, as well as independence of definition properties. .There are over 300 exercises; solutions to many of these, including all that are needed for this development, are available online at the homepage for the book at www.springer.com. Supplementary material is available online cover
出版日期Book 2015
关键词Betweenness; Euclidean geometry; Euclidean plane; Geometric axioms; Incidence; Least Upper Bound
版次1
doihttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23775-6
isbn_softcover978-3-319-79533-1
isbn_ebook978-3-319-23775-6
copyrightSpringer International Publishing Switzerland 2015
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Ordering a Line in a Pasch Plane (ORD),pper bound, and lower bound of a subset of an ordered line are developed, as well as the connections between order, segments, and rays. Ordering will assume great importance in later chapters which develop the correspondence between a line and the set of all rational (or real) numbers.
发表于 2025-3-22 07:36:05 | 显示全部楼层
Neutral Geometry (NEUT),s. Every line is an axis for some reflection. A line of symmetry for a set is a line whose reflection maps that set onto itself. Every angle has a line of symmetry, its angle bisector. Compositions of reflections are isometries, and isometric sets are congruent. These concepts provide access to the
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Free Segments of a Neutral Plane (FSEG),ve the trichotomy property. Addition of free segments is defined, and its elementary properties and interactions with ordering are studied. These developments are sufficient to prove the triangle inequality, and provide a first step toward defining distance on a neutral plane.
发表于 2025-3-22 16:19:26 | 显示全部楼层
Euclidean Geometry Basics (EUC),xiom to arrive at Euclidean geometry. It explores many well-known elementary results from plane geometry involving parallel lines, perpendicularity, adjacent and complementary angles, parallelograms and rectangles.
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Similarity on a Euclidean Plane (SIM),gs are used to define the similarity of two sets. Similarity is shown to be an equivalence relation, and criteria are developed for similarity of triangles. The chapter concludes with a proof of the Pythagorean Theorem, and a proof that the product of the base and altitude of a triangle is constant.
发表于 2025-3-23 07:41:35 | 显示全部楼层
Rational Points on a Line (QX), a rational multiple of a point on this line, develops the arithmetical properties of such multiples, and uses these to show the existence of an order-preserving isomorphism between the set of all rational numbers and a subset of the line.
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