Titlebook: Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Surgery; James R. Howe Book 2017 Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2017 Adrenal surgery.Gastrointestinal neuroendo

Basal-Ganglia

Mediastinal/Thoracoscopic Parathyroidectomyound in or near the thymus within the superior mediastinum, but they also may be located within the carotid sheath, posterior to the esophagus, within the thyroid itself, above the hyoid cartilage, or deeper within the mediastinum. Mediastinal glands usually are located in the anterior superior medi

chisel

Thyroid Lobectomy and Total Thyroidectomyr, whereas today we see approximately 66,000 new patients with thyroid cancer in the U.S. [1]. The majority of these cases are directly related to incidentalomas i.e., nonpalpable nodules, incidental findings of thyroid nodules on routine clinical examination, imaging studies such as ultrasound, car

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Central Neck Dissection for Medullary Thyroid Carcinomacitonin [1]. MTCs are moderately invasive and have a high propensity for spread to cervical lymph nodes [2]. Central lymph nodes (level VI) are involved up to 81% of the time [3, 4]. Because MTC cells do not concentrate radioactive iodine, central neck dissection is a critical component of surgical

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Substernal Goiterthoracic pressure, respiratory movements, and the shortness of the patient’s neck. They derive their blood supply from the superior and inferior thyroid arteries, which are surgically accessible through the neck. Substernal goiters should be distinguished from ectopic goiters arising from aberrant t

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Open Transabdominal Adrenalectomy for Malignant Neoplasmsh decreased pain and a shorter hospital stay. Long-term results are equivalent in terms of outcome, so the minimal access route is to be preferred. The diminution in incisional hernia, when done by the posterior dorsal, lateral, or transabdominal open approach, is of itself sufficient to justify the

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Detonate

Laparoscopic Transabdominal Lateral Adrenalectomyses gravity to help medially rotate the liver (on the right) or the spleen and tail of pancreas (on the left). Initial dissection is to free the medial attachment of the adrenal gland, then identifying, clipping and cutting the adrenal vein, followed by dissecting the gland off the renal hilum. The

Friction

Posterior Retroperitoneoscopic Adrenalectomyfunctioning, are amenable to removal by laparoscopic techniques with very minimal morbidity and excellent outcomes. The laparoendoscopic posterior approach for adrenalectomy has rapidly grown in popularity in the United States in the past decade, following the initial reports of the simplicity of th

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