Titlebook: Electronic and Electrical Engineering; Principles and Pract Lionel Warnes Textbook 2003Latest edition The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-91651-9 be modelled by simple elements that, when assembled into a circuit in the right way, can be analysed and so predict the machine’s behaviour. Accordingly, circuits are the foundation of any study of electrical or electronic engineering. We begin by defining simple circuit elements, then we shall inc

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-15917-9ics cookbook. When cheap integrated circuits began to appear, the price of op amps (the customary abbreviation for the device) plummeted coincidentally with the increase in performance, so that a high-stability, chopper-stabilised op amp costing £100+ in 1979 may be obtained for less than £2 in 2002

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Wolfgang Gröbner,Nikolaus Hofreiter (To some extent any circuit containing reactive components acts as a filter, that is it attenuates more at some frequencies than at others.) Any network may be so arranged as to have a pair of input terminals (the input .) and another pair for output (the output port) as in Figure 5.1 a. The ratio

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-7092-2ing germanium (Ge) and silicon (Si) and only silicon is widely used nowadays. However, there are some compound semiconductors which find applications in light-emitting diodes, semiconductor lasers, microwave devices and other specialised areas. Most of these are based on elements from groups III and

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Wolfgang Gröbner,Nikolaus Hofreiterctify alternating current, some are used as signal detectors and others are used as voltage references or voltage regulators. There are also optical diodes which are used as indicators (light-emitting diodes, or LEDs), signal sources (LEDs and laser diodes) or optical detectors (avalanche photodiode

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Wolfgang Gröbner,Nikolaus Hofreiterg together the discrete components of a circuit — such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes and transistors — the IC designer arranges for them to be produced and electrically interconnected as a single ‘chip’. There are many advantages in so doing: the devices need no packaging, the intercon