Titlebook: Eighteenth Century Europe, 1700-1789; Jeremy Black Textbook 1999Latest edition Macmillan Publishers Limited 1999 chronology.eighteenth cen

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Konkurrenzfähig durch lebenslanges Lernen was intended to function: foreign policy-making was an attribute of sovereigns. A disadvantage of this, so far as the stability of the international scene was concerned, was that personal idiosyncrasies and dynastic considerations tended to predominate. They undermined attempts to systematise inter

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Die polumschaltbaren Maschinen,rth America in 1754 helped to precipitate the Diplomatic Revolution by leading the British to step up diplomatic efforts to prevent an attack on Hanover. The financial strain caused by intervening in the War of American Independence was partly responsible for France’s weak position in European diplo

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https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-35017-91–2, the rebellions against Joseph II in the Austrian Netherlands and Hungary, and the Irish rebellion of 1798. In Russia, there were major disturbances in 1796–8; urban and peasant uprisings that were attributed to the impact of radical ideas.

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-92282-4tionary France, though in the summer of 1790 the peasants on the lands of Prince Carignan near Turin rose against tax demands, while the government backed up with arrests its prohibition of public discussion of politics and its limitation of the newspapers permitted to circulate. However, these rest

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06631-7popular culture are generally defined in contrasting terms, while different sources of cultural and stylistic influence, whether particular nations, or social, intellectual or religious groups, are seen as competing.

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