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Titlebook: Efficiency in Environmental Regulation; A Benefit-Cost Analy Ralph A. Luken Book 1990 Kluwer Academic Publishers 1990 environment.air pollu

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书目名称Efficiency in Environmental Regulation
副标题A Benefit-Cost Analy
编辑Ralph A. Luken
视频video
丛书名称Studies in Risk and Uncertainty
图书封面Titlebook: Efficiency in Environmental Regulation; A Benefit-Cost Analy Ralph A. Luken Book 1990 Kluwer Academic Publishers 1990 environment.air pollu
描述A management agency --such as a publicly or privately owned electric utility -- must, if it is to be efficient in carrying out its day-to-day tasks, have a means of monitoring its performance to assess the efficiency of its operations and the effectiveness of its planning. For example, how did the demand for electricity compare with that assumed in planning? How effective were the incentives applied to induce energy conservation by users? Such ex post analyses are essential for improving the planning process and hence for improving decisions with respect to efficiency and resource allocation. Unfortunately, it seems to be very difficult for public agencies to make such ex post evaluations an integral part of agency activities, whether the agencies are "producers," e. g. , the Corps of Engineers or the Bureau of Reclamation with respect to water resources management, or are regulatory agencies such as the Environmental Protection Agency or the Food and Drug Administration. Here and there a few ex post analyses of agency programs have been done, but rarely by the responsible agency itself. These analyses have attempted to compare the results actually achieved with the results estimat
出版日期Book 1990
关键词environment; air pollution and air quality
版次1
doihttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0737-9
isbn_softcover978-94-010-6816-1
isbn_ebook978-94-009-0737-9Series ISSN 0926-972X
issn_series 0926-972X
copyrightKluwer Academic Publishers 1990
The information of publication is updating

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Technology Approach,mary regulatory approach for reducing discharges. These rules apply uniformly without regard to their effects on local ambient water quality. The Act imposes uniform technology-based standards that do not account for differences in compliance costs, existing stream quality, contributions of other ef
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Ambient Approach,based standards as the primary regulatory approach for reducing emissions. The Act requires meeting ambient standards regardless of the size of the population protected and compliance costs. Consequently, the relationship between benefits and costs is likely to vary across sites, but not nearly to t
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Toxic Pollutants,dustrial sources. The Clean Water Act of 1977 requires EPA to set standards for a specific list of 65 toxic pollutants and classes of pollutants that potentially includes thousands of specific pollutants. The Clean Air Act of 1970 requires EPA to set standards for hazardous air pollutants that may c
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Conclusions,ich reflects the concern of the public health profession, supports the use of ambient-based standards as a scientific and reasonable way to protect health and welfare [Rodgers. 1986]. The absolutist school, which reflects the interests of the environmental rights-oriented movement, supports the use
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Efficiency in Environmental Regulation978-94-009-0737-9Series ISSN 0926-972X
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