Titlebook: Ecology of Central European Forests; Vegetation Ecology o Christoph Leuschner,Heinz Ellenberg Book 2017 Springer International Publishing S

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The Central European Vegetation as the Result of Millennia of Human Activity plantations, pastures, meadows and crop fields that are so characteristic of Central Europe today (see Fig. 3.1) are all the work of man. Even the areas that appear to be ruled by the forces of nature have usually also been influenced by humans in one way or another. Many so-called primeval forests

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Beech and Mixed Beech Forestsi.e. forests dominated by trees of the genera ., ., ., ., . and . as well as other nutrient-demanding species (see Pfadenhauer 1969 and the literature overview by Tüxen et al. 1981, b). Both the order and the class have numerous non-woody character species that are listed in e.g. Oberdorfer et al. (

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Mixed Broadleaved Forests Poor in Beech Outside of Floodplains or Miresristically very closely related to the beech forests (Schlüter 1967; Moor 1975a, b, c; von Gadow 1975; Oberdorfer 1992–1998; Pott 1995 among others). Especially the ash-rich forest communities are among the most productive in Central Europe, but the others are also fast-growing, as their habitats ar

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Pure and Mixed Coniferous Forestsonditions or at higher elevations and latitudes (see Fig. 7.1). This is somewhat surprising, given that fir, spruce, pine and larch are able to grow in almost every habitat that supports broadleaved trees (see Fig. .), and it is Scots pine that has the broadest physiological amplitude of all native

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Forest Plantations and Clearingsain, the Harz and Ore Mountains and most other non-carbonate low mountains, the Upper Rhine Plain, the region of Nuremberg, the northern Prealps and the southwest Vienna Basin, forestry monocultures dominate the landscape. However, these stands are only homogenous in terms of their tree layer, and t

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Woody Vegetation of Floodplains and Swampsthe zonal forest vegetation in terms of its ecology and species composition. These wet forest communities of bogs, swamps and floodplains are frequently described as azonal vegetation, as the influence of the hydrology is much greater than that of the climate. Throughout the following, it will be di

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Epiphyte Vegetationiving trees and dead wood as epiphytes. These generally inconspicuous mosaics of cryptogams have often been ignored in classical forest vegetation studies, but have been gaining attention as early and sensitive indicators of air pollution or naturalness of forests since about the 1960s. Moreover, cr

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Forest Edges, Scrub, Hedges and Their Herb Communities(order S., Sect. .), the coastal dune scrub (class S., Sect. 2.3.1.4 in Volume II) and the green alder scrub and subalpine krummholz formations at high elevations (Sect. 5.3.11.2 in Volume II). We define scrub here as woody vegetation from 1 to around 6 m in height made up of light-demanding shrubs

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