| 书目名称 | Ecology and Decline of Red Spruce in the Eastern United States | | 编辑 | Christopher Eagar,Mary Beth Adams | | 视频video | | | 丛书名称 | Ecological Studies | | 图书封面 |  | | 描述 | In the early 1980s there were several published reports of recent, unexplained increases in mortality of red spruce in the Adirondack Mountains and the northern Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States. These reports coincided with documentation of reductions in radial growth of several species of pine in the southeastern United States, and with the severe, rapid, and widespread decline of Norway spruce, silver fir, and some hardwoods in central Europe. In all of these instances, atmospheric deposition was hypothesized as the cause of the decline. (Throughout this volume, we use the term "decline" to refer to a loosely synchronized regional-scale deterioration of tree health which is brought about by a combination of stress factors. These may be biotic or abiotic in nature, and the combinations may differ from site to site. ) Heated public debate about the causes and possible cures for these forest declines ensued. Through the course of this debate, it became clear that information about forest health and air pollution effects on forests was inadequate to meet policymakers‘ needs. Ecology and Decline of Red Spruce in the Eastern United States addresses that gap for easter | | 出版日期 | Book 1992 | | 关键词 | air pollution; carbon; development; ecology; environment; forest; pollutants; pollution; soil | | 版次 | 1 | | doi | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2906-3 | | isbn_softcover | 978-1-4612-7714-9 | | isbn_ebook | 978-1-4612-2906-3Series ISSN 0070-8356 Series E-ISSN 2196-971X | | issn_series | 0070-8356 | | copyright | Springer-Verlag New York, Inc. 1992 |
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发表于 2025-3-21 16:50:09
