Titlebook: Diseases of the Breast during Pregnancy and Lactation; Sadaf Alipour,Ramesh Omranipour Book 2020 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Aut

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Breast Imaging in Pregnancy and Lactationancy-associated breast cancer (PABC), which is too often diagnosed late. The first-line imaging technique is ultrasound (US), which must be completed by mammography if there is any clinical or US suspicious sign. In lactating patients with PABC, breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be useful

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Clinical Presentations of Breast Disorders in Pregnancy and Lactationng pregnancy, puerperium and lactation or exaggerate pre-existing conditions. Clinical examination becomes less reliable due to textural change and density of breast tissue as a result of hormonal changes. The main symptoms during pregnancy and lactation are breast pain, mastitis, lactational absces

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Benign Disorders of the Breast in Pregnancy and Lactationcysts do not increase the risk of malignancy. The current management is routine follow-up. Complex cysts are thick walled or contain a mass, and should be followed by a US-guided biopsy and then treated similar to any non-gravid, non-lactating patient..Galactoceles can be detected during the last tr

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Premalignant Disorders of the Breast in Pregnancy and Lactationn they are diagnosed in a breast biopsy. Upgrading after excision and increased possibility of future cancer are risks that accompany these lesions. While some features have been defined as high-risk for upgrading, many practitioners now recommend conservative non-surgical treatment and vacuum-assis