Titlebook: Digital Agriculture; Daniel Marçal de Queiroz,Domingos Sárvio M. Valent Textbook 2022 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), und

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The Agriculture Eras,ransformation never seen before. This is the main scope of the book. In agriculture history, four eras or phases can be identified (Figs. 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4). Rudimentary agriculture, which has been called Agriculture 1.0, dates back to its beginnings about 10,000 years ago, until about 1920, wh

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Global Navigation Satellite Systems, the development of maritime ocean navigation centuries ago. In the twentieth century, military forces looked for the development of positioning systems for ships, submarines, and airplanes and developed systems based on land-based stations that transmitted signals at certain frequencies. From the l

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Spatial and Temporal Variability Analysis,iques of Precision and Digital Agriculture (PA). The PA can be understood as a branch of agricultural technology, based on the spatial and temporal variability of soils and crops. Spatial and temporal variability is an inherent characteristic of all-natural phenomena, especially when considering dyn

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Control and Automation Systems in Agricultural Machinery,ystems. Depending on the function performed by the machine, hydraulic actuators were sometimes also used due to the flexibility of these systems. From about 1990, electronic systems embedded in these devices began to be more commonly used. This reached the entire machinery sector, involving tractors

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Digital Irrigation,on systems in areas with low levels and/or irregular distribution of rainfall is a major factor to increase yield. In these cases, irrigation can provide both quantitative and qualitative gains, besides conferring greater guarantee of production. However, irrigated agriculture requires a large volum