Titlebook: Detection of Melt Ponds on Arctic Sea Ice with Optical Satellite Data; Anja Rösel Book 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Arctic.

障碍物

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-27671-4a positive feedback process: decreasing surface albedo due to a melting ice cover leads to more absorption of solar radiation, resulting in additional melt processes. These melt processes again reduce the surface albedo and thus enhance melting of the ice cover [13].

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Unsaturated-Fat

Roy Abraham Kallivayalil,Sheena VarughesePerovich declares in his monograph “The Optical Properties of Sea Ice” [54] parameters, which are used to describe reflection, absorption, and transmission of sea ice (see Fig. 2.1). In the recent study, the main focus is on the definitions related to the reflection of solar incidence on sea ice.

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Understanding Gender and Mental Healthing satellites. This ensures acquisition of a neighboring swath during the next orbit. Their orbits are sun-synchronous, resulting in image acquisition at nearly the same local time for each area of the world. For more technical details of satellites and sensors see [34].

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99554-6cause of the comparatively lower resolution and wider swath width of the MODIS sensor, a continuous spatial coverage of the Arctic with satellite data is available. There is however, a downside to the lower resolution. Given, that one MODIS pixel represents an area of 250 m ×250 m, it must be assume

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Anja RöselProvides the first Arctic-wide multi-annual data set of melt pond fraction.Melt ponds are retrieved from satellite observations.Provides the method of calculation of the melt pond fraction from optica