Titlebook: Decision Support for Forest Management; Annika Kangas,Mikko Kurttila,Jyrki Kangas Book 2015Latest edition Springer International Publishin

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1568-1319 t forestry textbook that covers stochastic optimisation and This updated and expanded second edition adds the most recent advances in participatory planning approaches and methods, giving special emphasis to decision support tools usable under uncertainty. The new edition places emphasis on the sele

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Palgrave Studies in the History of Financet are the aims of planning as a process. We describe the phases decision situations typically involve. We describe the different views for studying decision-making, i.e. the descriptive view, which studies decisions as people make them, and normative view, which studies the ways that may help in mak

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J. del Hoyo,J. Guillermo Llorentesingle-goal case, as well as the differences between these two approaches. We describe how normalisation of forest information can also be interpreted as a value function. We describe the concept of uncertainty and risk and the classical criteria of decision-making under risk or uncertainty. We also

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5625-1es of timber or carbon, costs of operations and preferences of the forest owners. The uncertainties can be described in different ways, using a stochastic approach or a fuzzy approach, for instance. Many multi-criteria analysis methods are able to deal with uncertainty, but in each method the assump

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Elman Nets for Credit Risk Assessment, such as the requirement of even flow of timber over time. It can also be used to deal with multiple goals, by using a constraint approach and Pareto front or by using a goal programming approach. Integer or mixed integer programming can also be used to deal with many spatial goals and constraints,

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Elman Nets for Credit Risk Assessmentexample, management planning problems that involve spatial aspects commonly require the use of heuristics. The number of heuristic algorithms designed for solving such problems has been rapidly increasing during the last decade. In this chapter, we present some groups of methods, such as methods bas

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