Titlebook: Dealing with Contaminated Sites; From Theory towards Frank A. Swartjes Book 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011 Contaminated si

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Introduction to Contaminated Site Managementto beneficial use. The four major protection targets are human health, the soil ecosystem, the groundwater and Food Safety. Specific attention will be given in this chapter to a wide variety of topics including public and political awareness, soils, local and diffuse contaminated sites, contaminants

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A Practical Approach for Site Investigationd. The main objective of the Exploratory Investigation is to proof that the assumptions made in the Preliminary Investigation are indeed correct. The goal of the Main Investigation is to provide the necessary information to deal with the contamination on a cost-efficient basis. The Main Investigatio

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Statistical Sampling Strategies for Survey of Soil Contamination The precision of estimates can be increased by exploiting ancillary information on variables correlated with the contaminants. For mapping purposes, model-based sampling methods, in which locations typically are selected by purposive sampling, are the best option. Examples are sampling on a centred

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Human Health Risk Assessments, using exposure models, and measurements in contact media and body liquids and tissue (Biomonitoring). Hazard Assessment, which is different for contaminants with or without threshold effects, results in a Critical Exposure (aka: Toxicological Reference Value). In a final step, Risk Characterisati

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Introduction to Ecological Risk Assessmentem and the costs involved for the tax payer. Soil contamination has a big impact on the soil ecosystem. Ecological Risk Assessment is an extremely useful process for supporting the decisions taken concerning contaminated sites. The general target for Ecological Risk Assessment is Ecological Health (