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Front Matter |
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Abstract
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Abstract
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Lacrimal Surgery |
Ralf Ungerechts MD |
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Abstract
Tears are essential for the normal function of the eye. A part of the tears is lost by evaporation. The majority of tears drain to the inferior meatus of the nose. The parasympathic nervous system controls the tear volume reflex by the fifth cranial nerve. When the volume increases or the passage is obstructed, the patient complains about epiphora and blurred vision. Bacterial invasion of an obstructed lacrimal system can occasionally lead to acute dacryocystitis with fistula formation. The patient should be informed that in almost every case (except for orbital abscess) the operation is elective and optional.
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Historical Overview of the Clinical Development of “All in One” Femtosecond Refractive Laser Surgery |
Marcus Blum MD,Walter Sekundo MD |
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Abstract
Corneal resectional refractive procedures for the correction of myopia were pioneered by Barraquer and Ruiz in the 60s and 70s [1]. They removed a layer of intrastromal tissue utilizing a microkeratome and called this procedure “in situ keratomileusis”. However, the results of the procedure performed with mechanical devices were not entirely satisfactory [2, 3].
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SMILE: Small Incision Lenticule Extraction – A Basic Guideline |
Bertram Meyer MD |
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Abstract
Flapless and all femto – SMILE is the first minimal invasive procedure in laser refractive surgery.
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Canaloplasty |
Gabor B. Scharioth MD, PhD |
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Abstract
First successful antiglaucomatous surgery was performed by the German ophthalmologist Albrecht von Graefe in 1852. The described technique did work only in acute angle closure glaucoma. In the following 100 years various surgical techniques addressed open angle glaucoma problematic. Since early 1970th trabeculectomy became the standard of care in open-angle glaucoma surgery. This widely used procedure involves a surgically formed pathway for aqueous humour between the anterior chamber and the subconjunctival space to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) in treatment of glaucoma. Main goal is the formation of a conjunctival filtering bleb. This is a relatively unphysiological approach and scleral as well as conjunctival scarring led to introduction of antimetabolites as adjunctive for filtering bleb depending glaucoma surgeries. Numerous intraoperative and postoperative complications have been cited [1–5]. These include hypotony, maculopathy, blebitis/endophthlamitis, hyphema, suprachoroidal hemorrhage or effusions, encapsulation of the bleb with resultant IOP elevation, loss of visual acuity, and increased risk for cataract formation. In addition, intensive postoperative care, includin
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Canaloplasty with iTrack |
Norbert Körber |
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Abstract
In black patients all fistularising procedures tend to heal aggressively and thereby the success rate is low, even with the use of mitomycin.
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Iris Surgery |
Ulrich Spandau |
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Abstract
An iridoplasty has become surgically much easier with the introduction of a foldable iris prosthesis from Human Optics (Germany) and of novel iris instruments and suture from Geuder (Germany).
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Femtosecond Laser Assisted Cataract Surgery: Principles and Results |
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Nano Laser Photofragmentation |
S. Mödl,E. Ruf,Gangolf Sauder |
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Abstract
The use of lasers for the fragmentation of the lens in cataract surgery is an interesting alternative to traditional ultrasonic phacoemulsification. Since the beginning of phacoemulsification it has been a constant ambition to reduce the operative trauma and collateral damage of intraocular tissue during phacoemulsification. Parameters to be changed are operating time, total intraocular energy used, incision size, tissue heating, corneal endothelial cell loss and induced corneal astigmatism. During the last years different laser systems have been developed to minimize thermal and mechanical damage of the intraocular tissue [1–3].
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Congenital Cataract Surgery |
Alf Nyström,Lothar Schneider,Ulrich Spandau |
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Abstract
Please confirm if identified heading levels are okay.
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Scharioth Macula Lens |
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Abstract
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AddOn® Intraocular Lenses |
Gangolf Sauder,S. Mödl |
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Abstract
An add-on intraocular lens is designed to be implanted in the ciliary sulcus. In the most cases an add-on IOL is implanted secondary in the sulcus of an already pseudophakic eye. It can also be implanted simultaneously with an endocapsulary implanted lens in the ciliary sulcus.
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Sutureless Intrascleral Haptic Fixation |
Gabor B. Scharioth MD, PhD |
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Abstract
A vitreoretinal surgeon could be faced with three main scenarios. The patient could be aphakic after complicated phacoemulsification, trauma, vitreoretinal surgery or years after intracapsular cataract extraction. Second, the patient is pseudophakic with dislocated intraocular lens or even dislocated capsular bag-intraocular lens-complex, sometimes with capsular tension ring in place. Even more complicated if previous secondary implantation with intraocular (transiridal or transscleral) suturing was performed. Last the vitreoretinal surgeon could recognize the dislocation during intraocular surgery (preexisting or caused by the surgeon himself) complicating the surgery and may require intraoperative repair.
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