Titlebook: Crises of European Integration; Joining Together or Lucas Schramm Book 2024 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusi

机构

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33688-2sence or absence of Franco-German political leadership. These three explanatory factors, together with the four outcome categories introduced in the previous chapter, suggest specific pathways to crisis outcomes. Finally, the chapter formulates falsifiable propositions of how the respective pathways come about.

prodrome

Crises and European Integration,ropean integration crises? While conventional wisdom suggests that crises lead to “more” integration and eventually an ever-closer Union, the empirical record shows much greater variation. Moreover, European integration theories are unable to explain this variation. Against this background, this cha

断言

hematuria

Pathways of Crisis Outcomes,ral crisis stages that scholarly literature has established, namely the origin, management, and resolution of a crisis. More concretely, the chapter theorizes the explanatory power of (1) the exogenous or endogenous nature of the crisis, (2) the level of member-state interdependence, and (3) the pre

fulmination

Stagnation,l-advanced political project that is largely considered important for European integration. Despite this, it is not ultimately realized. As the initial plan is new and never established, there is no (formal) change to the EU system. The two cases representing stagnation are the crisis of the Europea

叫喊

Adaptation, old order to cope with existing tensions. The logic of the EU system, however, remains the same. The two cases showing adaptation in their outcomes are the empty chair crisis (1965–1966) and the budgetary rebate crisis (1979–1984). Both crises were endogenous in that they were caused by a single me

继承人

Transformation, as member states restructure their relationship and reinvent the basic features of the system. In practice, this means that policy measures and objectives, that had previously been considered unfeasible or undesirable, now become part of the system. The two cases in point are the end of the Cold Wa

实施生效

tympanometry

开始发作