Titlebook: Cosmic Rays in the Earth’s Atmosphere and Underground; Lev I. Dorman Book 2004 Springer Science+Business Media New York 2004 Cloud.Meteoro

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Cosmic Rays as an Object of Research thermal particles of background plasma. There is internal CR, generated inside the background plasma of object considered, and external CR generated in other objects and propagated to the object considered. We are now aware of CR of different origin:

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Secondary Cosmic Rays Underground and in the Atmosphereecondary particles (secondary CR). As will be shown in Chapter 11, secondary relativistic positrons and electrons are responsible for lightning between clouds and ground, and between two clouds, as well as for discharges at great altitudes between clouds and the ionosphere (sprites). Primary CR (mos

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Coupling Functions, Integral Multiplicities, and Inverse Transformationserground at different depths and different directions, electron-photon component, frequency of External Atmospheric Showers (EAS), and others), observed at cut off rigidity .. (.) at the level .. (.) in the atmosphere at some moment of time . can be determined from .. Here .) is the primary CR spect

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Experimental Basis of Cosmic Ray Researchround on the worldwide network of CR Observatories can be corrected and then transformed to the boundary of atmosphere by applying coupling functions and spectrographic methods (as described above, in Chapter 3). The same methods can also be utilized to find the rigidity spectrum of primary CR varia

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Experimental Investigations of CR Snow, Wind, and Barometric Effectsadditional neutron generation in the absorber layer. Many CR stations on mountain heights have a problem with NM shielding with variable snow cover on the roof and near walls. Some CR stations near sea level at high latitudes also share this problem. It is a great pity because modern NM are characte

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