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Titlebook: Conversion of Former BTW Facilities; Erhard Geissler,Lajos Gazsó,Ernst Buder Book 1998 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 1998 NATO

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发表于 2025-3-21 18:26:19 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
书目名称Conversion of Former BTW Facilities
编辑Erhard Geissler,Lajos Gazsó,Ernst Buder
视频videohttp://file.papertrans.cn/238/237808/237808.mp4
丛书名称NATO Science Partnership Subseries: 1
图书封面Titlebook: Conversion of Former BTW Facilities;  Erhard Geissler,Lajos Gazsó,Ernst Buder Book 1998 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 1998 NATO
描述The development, production, stockpiling and use in war of biological and toxin weapons are prohibited by international law. Although not explicitly stated, the two treaties outlawing such activities, the Geneva Protocol of 1925 and the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention of 1972, prohibit the continuation of activities previously performed in Biological and Toxin Weapons facilities not justified for prophylactic, protective or other peaceful purposes. Because conversion and other means of cessation of former BTW facilities are not explicitly addressed in the treaties mentioned above the problems involved in conversion ofBTW facilities have thus far only been discussed marginally in the open literature. In times of increased awareness of the danger of biological and toxin warfare (including the increased danger of terrorist use of biological and toxin weapons) it seemed necessary to us to invite experts from different parts of the world to discuss the pros and cons of conversion and the problems involved. It also became obvious to us that the conversion of former BTW facilities should be discussed with respect to the necessity of peaceful internatioual cooperation in areas rela
出版日期Book 1998
关键词NATO; Nation; Pathogen; USA; biotechnology
版次1
doihttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5306-5
isbn_softcover978-0-7923-5250-1
isbn_ebook978-94-011-5306-5Series ISSN 1389-1820
issn_series 1389-1820
copyrightSpringer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 1998
The information of publication is updating

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发表于 2025-3-22 00:12:11 | 显示全部楼层
Conversion of Chemical Weapons Production Facilities Under the Chemical Weapons Convention, there are provisions under the Convention which will allow conversion of CWPFs into: . facilities for destruction of chemical weapons (CW); and . facilities operating for purposes not prohibited by the CWC, such as commercial production.
发表于 2025-3-22 02:56:11 | 显示全部楼层
Biotechnology in a Peaceful World Economy,countries now have or are actively pursuing offensive biological weapons capabilities as when the Convention went into force”.. It has always been difficult to be sure which countries are involved. In 1993 the US Office of Technology Assessment, for example, had to list “Countries Generally Reported
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Conversion of BTW Facilities: Lessons from German History,uisition, and transfer of biological and toxin weapons. The prohibition in Article I is broad and States Parties are required by Article II to destroy or divert to peaceful purposes all agents, toxins, weapons, equipment and means of delivery designed to use biological agents or toxins for hostile p
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Challenges of BW Control and Defense During Arms Reduction,Hungarian military attitudes in comparison to those of the previous periods on biological weapons. Then I should like to summarize the salient trends of the arms-reduction process of the Hungarian Defense Forces (1-DF). Finally I shall discuss some of the challenges associated with the transition to
发表于 2025-3-22 20:58:32 | 显示全部楼层
Conversion of Past Biological Weapons Facilities: Lessons from Western Conversion, the former United Kingdom (UK) biological weapons (BW) programme which was abandoned in the late 1950s and to examine the lessons that can be learnt from the conversion of the British programme. In this article, these lessons are compared to those which can be learnt from the experience of UNSCOM i
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发表于 2025-3-23 02:09:54 | 显示全部楼层
Pharmaceutical and Regulatory Aspects of Conversion,cility to be converted as well as the desired outcome of the conversion process. The process of conversion is likely to be funded by international or national agencies and because of the political and international security benefits this activity will not be subject to normal market forces. However,
发表于 2025-3-23 09:18:29 | 显示全部楼层
The Possibilities and Limitations of Biological Weapons Conversion,e Biological and Toxins Weapon Convention (BTWC) was signed and came into force-1972 to 1975--and the present time, some six to ten countries have initiated or maintained national BW R&D programs with various degrees of offensive character. None of these, however, appear to be discontinuing their pr
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