Titlebook: Continuity and Change of Party Democracies in Europe; Sebastian Bukow,Uwe Jun Book 2020 Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, part of Spring

存在主义

Soliloquy

Ray Cas,John V. Wright,Guido Giordanoies nor successful processes of politicization in party competition. Moreover, the ascendancy of the party in public office has been checked by a stronger plebiscitary input of the party membership. Thus, the results of comparative studies do not support the view that cartel mechanisms has helped parties to reduce their vulnerabilities.

凶残

发牢骚

amorphous

,Friends and Foes: How Coalition Formats Shape Voters’ Perceptions of the Party System, system went through profound changes in government composition, especially with the Green-Christian Democrat coalition formed in 2016. We find that while coalitions do indeed make the parties involved appear more similar, how this effect plays out depends largely on the structure of the party system.

做方舟

无脊椎

Ray Cas,John V. Wright,Guido Giordanoconstituencies they represent). This strategy has been neglected in the party literature, which is mainly focused on the adoption of catch-all strategies among mainstream parties or the tendency to stick to core issues among niche parties. In this paper, we develop a theoretical framework that inclu

大猩猩

Ray Cas,Guido Giordano,John V. Wrightw level of polarisation are associated with dysfunctional party systems. Polarised competition results in political conflicts, while the opposite dynamic leads to a lack of alternatives for the voter and reduces parties’ accountability. Because of its key role in characterising democratic systems, p

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