Titlebook: Clinical Ophthalmic Oncology; Uveal Tumors Bertil E. Damato,Arun D. Singh Book 2019Latest edition Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 Cance

DIKE

instructive

Uveal Melanoma: Molecular Pathology, molecules that can be targeted using systemic therapies. Most UM have . initiating mutations, which activate the MAPK pathway, with dysregulation of the PI3K/AKT and other signaling pathways. Some patients develop UM because they have inherited the . tumor predisposition syndrome, which also causes

Camouflage

parallelism

ADORE

Uveal Melanoma: Brachytherapy,145–152, 1930). This technique was later modified by Stallard and eventually further refined using radioactive plaques containing cobalt-60 anchored to the episcleral surface (Stallard, Br J Ophthalmol 32(9):618–639, 1948; Stallard, Br J Ophthalmol 50(3):147–155, 1966). In the United States, this ra

炸坏

Uveal Melanoma: Proton Beam Radiation Therapy,ith heavy charged particles, such as protons, are used to treat most choroidal and ciliary body tumors, and high rates of local control are achieved with both modalities. However, highly localized and uniform dose distributions can be delivered with proton beam radiotherapy, which makes it particula

linear

Uveal Melanoma: Stereotactic Radiation Therapy, at the target tissue with relatively little irradiation of surrounding healthy tissues. There are two techniques of delivering stereotactic radiation to the eye: stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) involves multiple radiation beams t

LUT

Uveal Melanoma: Phototherapy,ereas others such as photocoagulation are important for historical context. AU-011 is a novel photosensitizing agent which has shown some promise for treating smaller melanomas. In general, phototherapy of uveal melanomas is less reliable than radiotherapy and is therefore not widely deployed as pri

Itinerant

Uveal Melanoma: Resection Techniques,. These operations can be undertaken as primary procedures, with or without neoadjuvant radiotherapy, or they can be performed as treatment for exudative and neovascular complications (i.e., ‘toxic tumor syndrome’).

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