Titlebook: Clay Printing; The Fourth Generatio Dennis de Witte Book 2022 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to S

Admonish

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CeramicsClay is a ceramic material, categorised as a silicate ceramic. It is a traditional ceramic and is mainly used in pottery and buildings components. Ceramics in general are used for a wide variety of applications.

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State of the artBrickwork has evolved, especially over the last centuries. Processes were changed to improve the structural performance, but most improvements were driven by energetic performance, making it the main motive to change the bricks design and to rationalise the production processes.

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Research frameworkThe scope of this research is the application of AM for building parts. The application can be structural, but also for aesthetic, free-form purposes. Depending on the material and technology used, different qualities can be produced.

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Printing methodThe seven different AM technologies, categorised according to the mechanism the layered materials are placed on top of each other, are described by ISO/ASTM standard 52900. The standard also categorises the different AM production methods available. Of these methods some can be used for ceramics.

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Performance of the first additive manufactured samplesIn Chapter 6, the design study showed ceramic products that benefit from an AM technology. These products cannot be made with other technologies or there is an economic advantage to print them because the method does not require formwork, for example.

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EvolutionIn the fourth generation of brickwork, the aesthetic appearance plays a significant role. To show the potential of the technology, a brick was designed with a geometry that cannot be extruded and is hard to make using (lost) formwork. The bricks were printed and described in Chapter 10.

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Future visionThe possibilities and challenges of AM of silicate ceramics (clay) for the built environment have been discussed. The research shows a broad overview of printing silicate ceramics, but further research needs to be carried out. To improve and derive additional knowledge based on this research, new research can provide information on these subjects.