Titlebook: Civil War in Lebanon, 1975-92; Edgar O’Ballance Book 1998 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited 1998 battle.Civil

存心

browbeat

,The Closing Battles: 1990–91,the Lebanese army, of which a large proportion, mainly Christian, expressed loyalty to him. Personnel at the Lebanese Defense HQ in Yarzeh (adjacent to Baabda) and many other elements of the Lebanese defence forces still regarded him as their legitimate commander.

jumble

National Survival,erated by the craving for peace, and the urgent need to adopt the common-sense approach of accepting what was available politically became paramount in most Lebanese minds. A tremendous effort was made by many to push aside deep-felt emotions, and to face the future with hope.

血统

Prelude to Civil War, 13 April 1975 in the mainly Christian district of Rumaniyeh, outside the Church of St Maron. Pierre Gemayel, leader of the Falange (Phalange) Party, sometimes referred to as the Kataib, was attending a consecration service. Outside, members of his armed and uniformed militia were diverting traffic

清楚说话

The Battle of the Hotels: 1975,he principal Lebanese communities, whose task was to reestablish peace and initiate negotiations for a lasting political solution. It met on the 30th, the day that the banks and shops in Beirut reopened for the first time for a fortnight. But also on that day, in the Beirut suburb of Fern al-Shebak

配置

Violent Polarisation: 1976,ian presence in Lebanon, and together with Camille Chamoun, leader of the National Liberal Party, rejected any suggestion of abandoning the National Covenant of 1943, which had established the confessional system. Both leaders virtually declared war on the armed Palestinian militias active in the co

amnesia

尾巴

,Christian Fratricide: 1978–80,n a number of violent confrontations between their respective militias. In addition the Falangists had been encroaching into areas in northern Lebanon traditionally controlled by the Franjieh family, which led to a reconciliation between Franjieh and former Prime Minister Rashid Karami, now heading

Adulate

,Violence and Invasion: 1980–82,a fighters were in the UNIFIL area, but the UN said there were only 220, and they had been there when UNIFIL moved in. On 6 April a five-man commando unit of the Iraqi-supported Arab Liberation Front entered Israel to strike at the Misgav kibbutz. They killed several people, but were themselves wipe

发酵剂

,Mutual Enemies: 1982–83,tion over Lebanese territory. On 3 September Israeli units moved northwards into West Beirut, where — according to the Israeli defence minister, Ariel Sharon — some 2000 Palestinian guerrillas remained in hiding. However in response to US pressure they pulled back on the 7th, in conformity with Pres