Titlebook: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; A Systemic Inflammat Hiroyuki Nakamura,Kazutetsu Aoshiba Book 2017 Springer Science+Business Media S

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New Anti-inflammatory Drugs for COPD: Is There a Possibility of Developing Drugs That Can Fundamenta inflammation of the peripheral airways and lung parenchyma. The current therapeutic strategy for COPD consists mainly of the use of bronchodilators, such as long-acting muscarinic antagonists and long-acting beta stimulants. They reduce respiratory symptoms and exacerbations, but do not reduce airw

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Exacerbation of COPD: Why Do Exacerbations of COPD Attract Attention? Are There Any Preventive Methooms that is beyond the normal day-to-day variations and leads to a change in medication. Since exacerbations are associated with deterioration of quality of life, accelerated rate of decline of lung function, increased mortality, and high socioeconomic costs, the prevention of exacerbations is one o

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Definition of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Is the Latest GOLD Classification of Sevevidence. Although the GOLD classification was initially based on the severity of airflow limitation, the classification of symptoms, breathlessness, and risk of exacerbations as well as spirometry results was recently included because of the accumulated scientific evidence. In this chapter, we will

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Pathogenesis of COPD (Persistence of Airway Inflammation): Why Does Airway Inflammation Persist Afteinding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs), retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs), and receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) on lung epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and leukocytes in the lung. These actions bring about the production of cytok

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Pathogenesis of COPD 3: Oxidative Stress – Is There a Possibility of Developing New Drugs from the S, focusing on the role of microRNAs in this disease. Finally, the current state and the future direction of antioxidant therapeutics in COPD are presented. Certain classes of antioxidants are expected to be developed into promising treatments for COPD. However, their current therapeutic potential re

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Pathogenesis of COPD 4 – Cell Death, Senescence, and Autophagy: Is There a Possibility of Developing lysosomal self-degradation that helps maintain homeostatic balance between the synthesis, degradation, and recycling of cellular proteins and organelles. Autophagy is closely related with aging, since autophagy diminishes with aging, and accelerated aging can be attributed to reduced autophagy. Ins