Titlebook: Chinese Occupational Welfare in Market transition; Ming-kwan Lee Book 2000 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited

认为

有杂色

路标

沉默

Real World Windows 8 DevelopmentIn the pre-reform days, Chinese workers were highly dependent on their work-units to satisfy a wide range of their needs, from job security to all kinds of non-wage benefits and welfare services. Membership in the work-unit guaranteed an ‘iron rice bowl’ and entitled workers to a ‘life-long voucher’ giving access to different welfare packages.

灰心丧气

通便

宪法没有

Reshaping Dependence,In the pre-reform days, Chinese workers were highly dependent on their work-units to satisfy a wide range of their needs, from job security to all kinds of non-wage benefits and welfare services. Membership in the work-unit guaranteed an ‘iron rice bowl’ and entitled workers to a ‘life-long voucher’ giving access to different welfare packages.

exclusice

Book 2000t a large state-owned enterprise as this socialist country undergoes market transition. It shows how these changes have led to the dismantling of the ‘iron rice bowl‘, the transformation of the socialist work unit and the life of its members, and the creation of a new model of occupational welfare.

头盔

杠杆支点

Application Life-Cycle Managementnterprise management’ (Walder 1986: 43). There was little pressure on the enterprise to run these services efficiently and cost-effectively. Quality was generally poor and choice by users and consumers very limited. ‘It was a very inefficient system. There was a lot of waste. It was in a mess’ (Liu 1995: 135).