| 书目名称 | Chemokines and Cancer | | 编辑 | Barrett J. Rollins | | 视频video | | | 丛书名称 | Contemporary Cancer Research | | 图书封面 |  | | 描述 | Chemokines and Cancer synthesizes a state-of-the-art understanding of the role that chemokines and their receptors play in the pathophysiology of malignancy. It examines the influence ofchemokines on a broad array of malignant cells, including their effects on such intrinsic properties as growth and movement, as well as exploring their influence on the host‘s response to a growing tumor. The authors also demonstrate the physiological consequences of chemokine expression and suggest how chemokines can be used to regulate tumor growth in vivo, including their direct effects on tumor growth, on tumor destruction by host inflammatory cells, and on tumor angiogenesis. The only book available that relates chemokines to cancer, Chemokines and Cancer holds out the promise ofnovel therapeutic approaches to malignancy through the manipulation of chemokines and/or their receptors. | | 出版日期 | Book 1999 | | 关键词 | angiogenesis; carcinogenesis; cell; cytokines; melanoma; metastasis; stem cell; tumor; tumor growth; tumorige | | 版次 | 1 | | doi | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-701-7 | | isbn_softcover | 978-1-4757-4760-7 | | isbn_ebook | 978-1-59259-701-7 | | copyright | Springer Science+Business Media New York 1999 |
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Front Matter |
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The Function of Chemokines in Health and Disease |
Steven L. Kunkel,Nicholas W. Lukacs,Robert M. Strieter,Theodore Standiford,Stephen W. Chensue |
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Abstract
The cascade of events that dictate the normal physiologic processes leading to the initiation, maintenance, and final resolution of inflammation is the result of the host responding to a variety of direct or indirect stimuli. Although these stimuli may represent either infectious agents (viruses, bacteria, and protozoans) or noninfectious processes (trauma, autoimmune disorders, and ischemia/reperfusion injury), they all result in the activation and directed migration of leukocytes into an area of tissue injury. Our current understanding of inflammation suggests that the recruitment of leukocytes from the lumen of a vessel into a localized area of injury depends on an interrelated network of events, which must occur with some fidelity in order for the cells to arrive successfully at a site of inflammation. Although many of the steps involved in leukocyte activation and elicitation have been identified, a complete understanding of these processes, including the subsequent tissue injury, are not entirely known.
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Chemokine Receptors and Ligand Specificity |
Craig Gerard |
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Abstract
Chemokine receptors are now well established as a large gene family within the superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors. Despite the fact that chemokines themselves are relatively large ligands, many fundamental features of the receptors are similar to those for all members of the superfamily. These features include multiple affinity states for ligand, isomerization to forms that preferentially interact with the signal transduction apparatus, phosphorylation and desensitization, and internalization.
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Tumors as a Paradigm for the In Vivo Role of Chemokines in Leukocyte Recruitment |
Alberto Mantovani,Annunciata Vecchi,Silvano Sozzani,Antonio Sica,Paola Allavena |
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Abstract
Ever since the first description by Virchow in 1863, histopathologists have recognized the occurrence of host leukocytes in tumor tissues and/or at their periphery. Interestingly, Virchow felt that the frequent presence of a lymphoreticular infiltrate in human neoplasms reflected the origin of cancer at sites of previous chronic inflammation. In 1907 Hardley reported that normal cell infiltration in malignant melanoma indicated a “regressive process.” This observation marked a complete change in the general opinion as to the significance of the “lymphoreticular infiltrate,” a change reflected by a number of reports on pathology and prognosis. These opposite ways of looking at the relationship between leukocyte infiltration and malignancy have polarized views in the field but, indeed, reflect the pleiotropic, ambivalent functions of infiltrating cells.
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Novel Monocyte Chemoattractants in Cancer |
Ghislain Opdenakker,Jo Van Damme |
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Abstract
The in vivo infiltration of tumors with leukocytes is an old histopathologic observation, but only recently have insights been obtained in the molecular mechanisms that govern this type of leukocyte recruitment .. Along the same line, the similarities between a chronic inflammatory process and the phenomena occurring at the invasive front of a malignant tumor have been recognized for a long time. Only recently has the molecular dissection begun to demonstrate the fine-detailed differences between these two types of pathologic processes .. Originally it was thought that tumor-associated leukocytes (TALs) recognize tumor-specific antigens .. Most often these TALs were mononuclear cells. An active mechanism of monocyte recruitment by chemoattractants was postulated later and Botazzi et al. . identified a specific chemoattractant for monocytes. Then, it was documented that a monocyte chemotactic factor from smooth muscle cells was serologically related to that of various tumor cells .. For example, in the latter study, it was observed that MG-63 osteosarcoma cells abundantly produce monocyte chemotactic proteins (vide infra).
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Natural Killer Cell-Chemokine Interactions |
Dennis D. Taub |
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The process of inflammation and immune recognition involve a complex series of events that result in an accumulation of specific leukocyte subsets at the site of tissue alteration or damage. These processes involve activation of cellular components and release of reactive mediators, changes in vascular endothelium, and penetration of the basement membrane, as well as chemotaxis of specific leukocyte subsets to the site of injury and infiltration into the tissue site .. While these extravasating leukocytes are critical for host defense, leading to clearance of the inciting factors such as infectious agents, it should also be appreciated that leukocyte recruitment may also contribute to the pathogenesis of an underlying disease. The maintenance of leukocyte recruitment during inflammation requires a “delicate” communication between infiltrating leukocytes and the endothelium .. These signals are mediated via the generation of several early response cytokines (such as interleukin-1 [IL-1] and tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]), the expression of surface adhesion molecules, and the production of chemotactic molecules. All these processes, in one way or another, have been shown to be invo
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Tumor Infiltration by Monocytes and the Antitumor Effects of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 |
Barrett J. Rollins,Howard A. Fine,Long Gu,Kenzo Soejima,Susan Tseng |
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Abstract
Mononuclear cell infiltration is a common feature of many types of human cancers. In fact, its occurrence is considered so unremarkable that there are no systematic studies describing the prevalence or intensity of infiltrates by tumor type or stage. Instead, it is generally asserted that intense infiltrates are associated with certain tumor types, such as medullary carcinoma of the breast and malignant melanoma ., and that most other cancers are also infiltrated to differing extents. Even without an “epidemiology” of tumor-related inflammatory infiltrates, tumor biologists have extensively focused on this phenomenon for more than 100 yr.
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Interactions Between Chemokines and Other Cytokines in Host Response to Tumor |
Thomas A. Hamilton,Charles S. Tannenbaum,James Finke,Ronald Bukowski |
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This chapter focuses on interactions between chemokines and other cytokines that influence the nature of the host response to tumor. The basic structural and functional features of chemokines are presented in Chapters 1 and 2 in this volume, and a general discussion of these issues is therefore not provided here. The functional repertoire of the chemokine family is, however, known to encompass much beyond its ability to promote directed migration of leukocytes .. Since the cooperative potential of individual chemokines for modulating host response to tumor is likely to be heavily influenced by the functional potential of each molecule, it is appropriate to provide a brief overview of such activities.
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Chemokine Modulation of Tumor Cell Physiology |
Ji Ming Wang,Weipin Shen,Oleg Chertov,Jo Van Damme,Joost J. Oppenheim |
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Abstract
Leukocyte infiltration into inflamed or injured tissues is regulated by a variety of cell-associated and soluble factors that mediate the communications between circulating leukocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Since the late 1980s, a superfamily of polypeptide leukocyte chemoattractants known as chemokines has been identified and demonstrated to selectively induce rapid endothelial cell adhesion and transmigration of leukocyte subpopulations .. Chemokines are produced by virtually every mammalian somatic cell type in response to inflammatory and immunologic stimuli, and have been detected in tissues of numerous disease states characterized by infiltration of distinct leukocyte subsets. Chemokines bind and activate cell-surface receptors that belong to the seven-transmembrane, G protein—coupled receptor superfamily .. Several chemokine receptors have been identified as fusion cofactors for human immunodeficiency virus. Chemokines have also been shown to play a critical role in the host interaction with malignant tumors via recruitment of immune cells into the tumor tissue, induction of angiogenesis or angiostasis, or through their direct effect on tumor cell migration and prol
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C-X-C Chemokines and Lung Cancer Angiogenesis |
Robert M. Strieter,Bruno DiGiovine,Peter J. Polverini,Steven L. Kunkel,Armen Shanafelt,Joseph Hessel |
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Abstract
Angiogenesis is an essential biologic event encountered in vertebrate animals .. Embryonic development, the formation of inflammatory granulation tissue during wound healing, chronic inflammation, and the growth of malignant solid tumors represent physiologic and pathologic processes that are strictly dependent on neovascularization. The rate of normal capillary endothelial cell turnover in adults is typically measured in months or years .. However, during wound repair and development of granulation tissue, resting endothelial cells become activated, leading to proteolytic degradation of their basement membrane and surrounding extracellular matrix, migration, proliferation, and establishment of newly functioning capillaries within a matter of days .. An important feature of wound-associated angiogenesis is that it is locally controlled and transient. As rapidly as neovascularization occurs, these new vessels virtually disappear, returning the tissue vasculature to a homeostatic environment. This abrupt termination of angiogenesis in the context of the resolution of wound repair supports the notion of two possible mechanisms of control. First, there is probably a marked reduction in
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The Role of Melanoma Growth-Stimulatory Activity in Melanoma Tumorigenesis and Angiogenesis |
Ann Richmond,Hamid Haghnegahdar,Rebecca Shattuck-Brandt,Lauren D. Wood,Chaitanya S. Nirodi,James D. |
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Melanoma growth-stimulatory activity/growth-regulated genes (MGSA/GROs) encode proteins that are important mediators of the wound healing and immune response. MGSA/GRO-α is a secreted 7894-Dalton protein that is derived from a 11,391-Dalton precursor protein .. At physiologic concentrations (0.1–100 n.), the monomer structure of MGSA/GRO-α is favored. The monomer—dimer equilibrium exhibits a .. of ~5 μ., and solution pH has an effect on the stabilization of the dimer structure .. Dimerization is not required for biologic activity .. In humans, three different genes have been identified that encode highly related forms of MGSA/GRO, and these have been named MGSA/GRO-α, -β, and -γ .. In mice two MGSA/ GRO homologs have been identified, KC and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) .. Numerous other homologs have since been identified in rats, rabbits, chickens, pigs, and sheep . for review). These proteins are members of the rapidly growing family of chemokines and, based on their structural properties, are in the C-X-C chemokine subfamily along with interleukin-8 (IL-8), neutrophil-activating peptide-2, epithelial cell—derived neutrophil-activating factor-78 (ENA-78), granulocyte
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Chemokines and Gynecologic Malignancies |
Rupert P. M. Negus,Frances R. Balkwill |
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Gynecologic malignancies consist of tumors of the ovary, cervix, and uterus. Little is known of the role of chemokines in carcinoma of the cervix or endometrium, although they are expressed in conditions such as endometriosis .. This chapter reviews the expression of chemokines in carcinoma of the ovary in the context of the leukocyte infiltrate associated with this tumor. Most work to date concerns monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). The expression of this chemokine is considered in more detail, and some of the mechanisms by which its production may be regulated in vivo are discussed.
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The Possible Role of Chemokines in HPV-Linked Carcinogenesis |
Frank Rösl,Kerstin Kleine-Lowinski,Harald zur Hausen |
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Specific types of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) (mostly HPV-16, HPV-18) are etiologically involved in the development of cervical cancer .. Although viral DNA induces immortalization of primary human keratinocytes in vitro, infection alone is not sufficient to cause malignant transformation .. In agreement with the multihit concept of many human neoplasias, additional damaging events are required to convert a cell toward malignancy and to induce cervical cancer .. Furthermore, the course of the disease is not only the result of failing intracellular surveillance mechanisms ., but is also determined by the immune status of the infected individual .. Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that immunosuppressed patients or persons with impaired immunocompetence have a higher virus susceptibility and virus spread, and an increased incidence of preneoplastic lesions than age-matched controls ..
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Chemokines and Central Nervous System Malignancies |
Teizo Yoshimura,Jun-ichi Kuratsu |
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Abstract
Tumors in the central nervous system (CNS) arise from different cell components of the CNS and are classified as shown in Table 1 (see also ref. .). It is well known that the tumors in the CNS, especially glioma, produce various cytokines including interleukins (ILs), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and colony-stimulating factors [recently reviewed by van Meir .]. Although the significance of cytokine production by the tumors may not be biologically clear, these cytokines could affect the biology of the tumors.
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Chemokines and , Infection |
Jean E. Crabtree,Ivan J. D. Lindley |
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Abstract
. is a spiral Gram-negative bacterium that chronically infects the gastroduodenal mucosal surface of humans (Fig. 1). Since the initial successful culture of . in the early 1980s, and the appreciation that this bacterium is the causative agent of chronic gastritis .,the major role this organism plays in gastroduodenal disease has become apparent. Although many infected subjects remain asymptomatic, the very strong association with peptic ulcer disease was quickly established, and bacterial eradication markedly reduces the incidence of ulcer recurrence .. Subsequent studies detailed an association between . infection and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-type lymphoma . and gastric adenocarcinoma ..
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发表于 2025-3-21 16:46:33
