书目名称 | Characteristics of Temporary Migration in European-Asian Transnational Social Spaces | 编辑 | Pirkko Pitkänen,Mari Korpela,Kerstin Schmidt | 视频video | http://file.papertrans.cn/224/223973/223973.mp4 | 概述 | Provides a unique understanding of temporary transnational migration, including its transformative characteristics.Describes the effects of not only those on the move, but also those who do not move.L | 丛书名称 | International Perspectives on Migration | 图书封面 |  | 描述 | .This book focuses on the experiences of temporary movements between Asia and Europe from the perspective of migrants and mobile people. It raises important questions such as: Why do people migrate on a temporary basis and what does this actually mean? How are these trajectories shaped? What are the implications of temporary moves for migrants and non-migrants? And how are transnational ties and practices characterized in the context of temporary migration? .By shedding light on the practices and experiences of individual migrants, the book provides useful insights into understanding the challenges arising in an increasingly interconnected and mobile world. The chapters indicate that temporary migratory movements are on the rise: on the one hand on a voluntary basis such as reflected in labour migration, lifestyle migration and international student mobility, and on the other hand in an involuntary way as expressed in different forms of forced migration. Either way, temporary migration has diverse political. legal, economic, social and cultural implications, including the emergence of novel transnational networks and practices.. .The book is based on the findings of the internation | 出版日期 | Book 2018 | 关键词 | Migration; Temporariness; Transnationalism; Europe; Asia | 版次 | 1 | doi | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61258-4 | isbn_softcover | 978-3-319-87034-2 | isbn_ebook | 978-3-319-61258-4Series ISSN 2214-9805 Series E-ISSN 2214-9813 | issn_series | 2214-9805 | copyright | Springer International Publishing AG 2018 |
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Front Matter |
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Abstract
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,Introduction: Temporary Migration in European-Asian Social Spaces, |
Mustafa Aksakal,Kerstin Schmidt,Mari Korpela,Pirkko Pitkänen |
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Abstract
One of the key tendencies in the contemporary world is the increase in the volumes of people’s mobility back and forth between nation-states for various reasons as well as the rise of people’s engagement in cross-border social ties. People ‘migrate, oscillate, circulate or tour’ (O’Reilly 2007: 281) between their home and host countries, which means that they may leave one country, move to a second and then either settle there or return to their native country, or move on to a third.
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,Education, Skill Flow and Integration: Temporary Transnational Migration Between China and Europe, |
Tian Fangmeng,Hu Xiaojiang |
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Abstract
As China is experiencing rapid economic growth and social transformation, new migration flows have emerged and expanded between China and Europe. These flows show strong temporary nature. This chapter reports that Chinese returnees have pursued education at European universities and accumulated human capital, while European migrants in China have learned about exotic culture and gained working experience. Temporary migrants at both sides benefit from their overseas experiences. The returnees utilise their advanced knowledge and familiarity with foreign culture to obtain high payoff in the growing Chinese economy. The European migrants acquire skills and their expertise is generally appreciated in China. Chinese returnees also learn to know better their destination countries and bring back to their homelands social remittances, such as foreign lifestyle or consciousness of rights. However, it was noted that some Chinese migrants were not well integrated into the host societies, and many European migrants had an isolated life when living in China. The primary hindering factors appeared to be linguistic, cultural and social.
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,Experiences of Temporary Migrants in the Indian-European Transnational Space, |
S. Irudaya Rajan,Arya Suresh,M. Mahalingam |
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Abstract
India is one of the South Asian nations that built ties with Europe from very early days, given its vast resources and geopolitical location. Although ties between India and Europe can be traced back to antiquity, European imperialism brought India and Europe closer in the early eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The presence of Eurasians and Anglo-Indians in various parts of India is a legacy of European colonialism. During colonialism and its aftermath, trade ties and movements of people have increased manifold between India and Europe. In the wake of the liberalisation of the Indian economy in the 1990s, trade and investment between India and the EU grew substantially. In general, given the global integration of the world’s economies and the existence of proactive migration policies, coupled with the advancement of travel and communication technologies, ‘globetrotting’ is an emerging phenomenon.
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,Enriching Journeys: Transnational Temporary Migration Between the Philippines and Europe, |
Maruja M. B. Asis,Karen Anne S. Liao |
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Abstract
This chapter examines the bidirectional migration flows between the Philippines and Europe and probes the sociocultural, economic and political aspects of the experiences of transnational temporary migrants in this migration corridor. The analysis draws on interviews with 80 individuals, including 33 Filipino returnees and visitors from Europe, 38 European migrants in the Philippines and 9 Filipino nonmigrants with family members who are temporary migrants in Europe. Temporary migration patterns between the Philippines and European countries derive from different triggering and maintenance factors. Temporary migration from the Philippines to Europe is largely fuelled by labour migration supplemented by smaller flows of student migration. Although admission requirements to Europe are stringent, policies concerning residence and family reunification provide a pathway to long-term residence and citizenship. Temporary migration from Europe to the Philippines is smaller in scale, comprising of migrants coming to the country as part of capital flows and development assistance. Except for retirees, many Europeans are in the Philippines temporarily, mostly in connection with their work. Bo
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,Transnational Migration Between Thailand and Europe: Migrants’ Experiences and Perceptions, |
Sakkarin Niyomsilpa,Manasigan Kanchanachitra,Pattraporn Chuenglertsiri,Sureeporn Punpuing |
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Abstract
Migration between Thailand and Europe has steadily increased in the past few decades. Europe has long been a major destination for Thai migrants, particularly marriage and low-skilled migrants. Thailand also serves as a major transit point for many Asian migrants travelling to East Asia and Europe. The growth of Thai tourism industry has played an important role in the increasing mobility of European migrants to Thailand, and served as a catalyst for Thai marriage migration to the West. In recent years, however, temporary migrants from Thailand have grown rapidly as a result of seasonal migration to northern parts of Europe. Moreover, established Thai diasporas in Europe have formed extensive social networks that serve as a pull factor for low-skilled migration from Thailand. On the other hand, European migrants in Thailand have grown in number due to Thailand’s immigration policies which promote retirement migration and long-stayed tourism. Furthermore, high-skilled European migrants employed in multinational companies and foreign language schools have increased in tandem with increasing foreign investment in Thailand. The dynamic flows of migrants, their networks, and knowledge s
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,Flexibility and Ambiguity: Impacts of Temporariness of Transnational Mobility in the Case of Turkey |
İlke Şanlıer Yüksel,Ahmet İçduygu |
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Abstract
Although historically a country of emigration, over the last three decades, Turkey has turned into a country of destination and also of transit. With rising numbers of non-Turkish immigrants, this trend is in contrast to the early Republican years, when immigration was used as a nation-building tool and concerned exclusively people of Turkish origin (İçduygu and Aksel 2013). Following the consolidation of Turkey as a key factor in international transit migration, the academic and policy-related literature (Şanlıer Yüksel and İçduygu 2014a) has picked up on the concept of temporary migration during the last decade yet calls for clear definitions and more empirical data. The current state of research on temporary migration reveals that the categories relevant to Turkey are flows of labour (both regular and irregular), highly skilled individuals, refugees, asylum seekers, migrants in transit, students and lifestyle migrants (Şanlıer Yüksel and İçduygu 2014b).
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,Transit Migrants in a Country Undergoing Transition: The Case of Greece, |
Georgios Agelopoulos,Elina Kapetanaki,Konstantinos Kousaxidis |
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Abstract
Understanding the migration processes in the Mediterranean context requires taking into account the massive population movements after the collapse of empires in the early twentieth century, the post-WWII migration from Southern to Northern Europe, the migrant flows created by the political upheavals in Eastern Europe in 1989 and the recent refugee influx from Asian and North African countries. This chapter provides empirical insight into the prevailing situation of temporary migration between Greece and Asian countries. We present an analysis of the politico-legal, socio-economic and sociocultural aspects of this migration process. We argue that in a country where the labour market lacks permanent employment opportunities and where there are rapid political changes, the integration of immigrants into a state of temporariness reaches extremes. .
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,The Diversity of Temporary Migration in the Case of a Transit Country: Experiences from the Asian-H |
Ágnes Hárs |
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Abstract
In Hungary migration, and particularly temporary migration, became an issue following the Communist regime’s four decades of controlled borders and limited transnational mobility. The late 1980s and early 1990s marked a turning point: the previously closed borders of ex-communist Central and Eastern Europe were opened, and, among other countries, Hungary faced increasing inflows of foreign citizens. The first waves came from countries adjacent to Hungary where, for historical reasons, considerable ethnic Hungarian populations lived within a short distance of Hungary. Brubaker (1998) has singled out ethnic Hungarians as a unique source of migration on account of their sheer numbers and the important mix of labour migration, where ethnicity plays a crucial role in engendering, patterning and regulating the immigration flows.
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,Ukraine and Temporary Migration in the European-Asian Transnational Space, |
Ihor Markov,Svitlana Odynets,Danylo Sudyn |
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Abstract
This chapter is focused on the placing of Ukraine in temporary transnational migration in Euro-Asian social space. For different categories of migrants Ukraine is a country to be used for further movement. Highly skilled specialists come to Ukraine, stay for several years and try to migrate to other countries; unskilled workers or asylum seekers are mostly transit migrants looking for possibilities to continue their trans-border movement to West. On the other hand, Ukrainian outmigrants to the EU and Asian countries intend to return home, but are not sure when it is actually going to happen. Sometimes they move from one country or region to another in order to find appropriate life and working conditions. Many of return migrants stay at home for some time and then, lacking adequate employment in the home country go abroad again using migrants’ networks. It means that for many Ukrainian external migrants the return home is only one of the stages in realizing their migration projects. Our findings reveal that temporary migration becomes a permanent way of life for various categories of people. Therefore, the temporariness of migration turns to be a phenomenon of constructing the soci
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,Temporary Migrants’ Experiences, Perceptions and Motivations in Asian-German Transnational Spaces, |
Mustafa Aksakal,Kerstin Schmidt |
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Abstract
Temporary transnational migration is an increasingly important phenomenon, which is partly reflected in the growing numbers of migrants and the alignment of the German migration legislation over the last years. On the one hand, international migration, and particularly temporary stays of Asians in Germany, has gained increasing importance. Accordingly, in 2013 Germany was the second most popular immigration country after the USA in absolute numbers (BAMF 2015); with 12.4% of all international migrants, immigration from Asia represents the third largest inflow of foreign people after EU and non-EU countries (Kreienbrink and Mayer 2014). On the other hand, two trends in immigration law can be noted: First, as Beine et al. (2015) observed for several receiving countries, also in Germany immigration laws are selective in nature and geared towards the attraction of migrants with particular characteristics. Second, the German immigration legislation has so far mainly been designed for temporary stays, since most permits are limited to a certain period of time (e.g. the regular resident permit, the EU Blue Card for professionals, the international student resident permit and the residence
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,Unfulfilled Expectations: The Contradictions of Dutch Policy on Temporary Migration, |
Natasja Reslow |
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Abstract
This chapter examines the experiences of highly skilled migrants and their families who move temporarily to the Netherlands. It uncovers a basic paradox: Dutch migration policy aims to attract highly skilled migrants to the Netherlands through various incentives, and yet in practice this policy does not manage to remove all the challenges and difficulties encountered by these migrants. Based on interviews with students, highly skilled labour migrants, and their families, this chapter concludes that migration to the Netherlands can be made easier and therefore more attractive for highly skilled migrants.
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,Navigating Bureaucracies, Intentions and Relationships: Temporary Transnational Migration Between F |
Mari Korpela,Jaakko Hyytiä,Pirkko Pitkänen |
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Abstract
The chapter shows that Finland attracts increasing numbers of temporary migrants from Asia who come to study or work in the country. At the same time, it is increasingly popular for Finns to work, study or travel in Asia. The chapter elaborates on various aspects of temporary migrants’ lives and experiences in Finland, including their motivations to migrate and the significance of money and careers. It becomes evident that money is not the only motivation for temporary migration and policies should not treat migrants as mere labour force. The authors argue that there is a contradiction between Finland wanting to attract skilled labour migrants and the slow and complicated bureaucracies that make foreigners feel they are not welcome. Similarly to in-coming migrants, many Finnish lifestyle migrants and returnees struggle with Finnish bureaucracies and rules relating to permanent residence when their lifestyle entails spending long periods abroad. The chapter also discusses the temporary migrants’ social relationships and argues that their integration into local society is hindered by their lack of language skills. Migrants’ future plans are characterised by various insecurities. Even
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,Conclusion: Characteristics, Experiences and Transnationality of Temporary Migration, |
Pirkko Pitkänen,Mari Korpela,Kerstin Schmidt,Mustafa Aksakal |
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Abstract
Besides uncovering how politics structure the transnational movement issues in sending, transit and receiving societies, the previous chapters sought to make the transnational practices and lived experiences of individual temporary migrants visible. Since the 1990s scholars have explored the dynamics of transnational migration with an emphasis on the emergence of transnational spaces that transcend geographic, political, social and cultural borders (e.g. Faist 2000; Portes et al. 1999). What this literature has not done sufficiently is to explain the implications of the temporariness of migration with respect to these dynamics. The EURA-NET research sought to shed light on the everyday experiences of temporary migrants in the European-Asian transnational social spaces. Answers were sought to the following questions: (1) Why do people migrate on a temporary basis and not permanently? (2) What are the daily experiences of various types of temporary migrants? (3) How does temporariness affect their migration experiences? (4) How does temporary migrants’ transnationalism appear in the European-Asian transnational social spaces?
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Back Matter |
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Abstract
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