Titlebook: Cerebral Angiography; Normal Anatomy and V Gianni Boris Bradac Book 20142nd edition Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014 Atherosclerosis.

arthroplasty

档案

Ischemic Stroke,nly, ischemic stroke is due to other conditions, such as spontaneous dissection and other nonatherosclerotic arteriopathies as well as heart disease. All of these diseases are described in Chaps. ., ., ., and ..

neurologist

Spontaneous Dissection of Carotid and Vertebral Arteries,ibed (Bostrom and Liliequist 1967; Ehrenfeld and Wylie 1976; Fisher et al. 1978; Mokri et al. 1979; Anderson et al. 1980; Friedmann et al. 1980; Bradac et al. 1981a, b), and these have helped widen our understanding of the clinical and angiographic aspects of this disease. Spontaneous dissection is

勤勉

Other Nonatherosclerotic Vasculopathies,ollagenopathies, immunological, hematological, and infection mechanisms, and other rarer causes that have in common the possibility of affecting the cerebral vessels, leading to ischemia and sometimes hemorrhage. Indeed cerebral arteries can be involved in many systemic angiitis or other generalized

indignant

Cardiac Diseases,ardial infarction, atrial septal aneurysm, cardiac valves diseases, prosthetic valves, endocarditis of various origins, and congenital heart diseases. Recently, paradoxical embolism through a patent foramen ovale has become a frequent explanation for embolism (Lechat et al. 1988). Cardiac abnormalit

远地点

Arterial Occlusive Diseases in Children, 2009) with a frequency reported to be 2–6/100,000 children per year. Unlike in adults, it is rarely linked to factors related to atherosclerosis. Instead, it is associated with a variety of pathological processes, including cardiac diseases and other nonatherosclerotic arteriopathies which are list

cathartic

不可思议

,Einleitung. Historische Übersicht,y Zülch (1957) and Russell et al. (1959). An accurate description of this pathology as a definite congenital malformation was proposed by McCormick (1966). The same author made a classification, which, with some modification (Challa et al. 1995; Yaşargyl 1987, 1999; Chaloupka and Huddle 1998; Valavanis et al. 2004), is still valid today.

溃烂

灾祸

Carotid Artery (CA), space, surrounded by the three layers of the deep cervical fascia, called the carotid sheet. Approximately at the level of the hyoid bone, usually between the C4 and C6 vertebral bodies, each common carotid artery divides into the internal carotid artery (ICA) and external carotid artery (ECA).